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realpath(3c)
Standard C Library Functions realpath(3C)
NAME
realpath, frealpath, canonicalize_file_name - resolve pathname
SYNOPSIS
#include <stdlib.h>
char *realpath(const char *restrict file_name,
char *restrict resolved_name);
char *frealpath(int file_descriptor, char *restrict resolved_name,
size_t size);
char *canonicalize_file_name (const char *path);
DESCRIPTION
The realpath() function derives, from the pathname pointed to by
file_name, an absolute pathname that resolves to the same directory
entry, whose resolution does not involve ".", "..", or symbolic links.
If resolved_name is not null, the generated pathname is stored as a
null-terminated string, up to a maximum of {PATH_MAX} (defined in lim‐
its.h(3HEAD)) bytes in the buffer pointed to by resolved_name. If
resolved_name is null, the generated pathname is stored as a null-ter‐
minated string in a buffer that is allocated as if malloc(3C) were
called.
The frealpath() function derives, from the file_descriptor, an absolute
pathname that resolves to the same file whose resolution does not
involve ".", "..", or symbolic links. If resolved_name is not null, the
generated pathname is stored as a null-terminated string, up to a maxi‐
mum of size bytes in the buffer pointed to by resolved_name. If
resolved_name is null, the generated pathname is stored as a null-ter‐
minated string in a buffer that is allocated as if malloc() were
called. In that case, the size argument is the upper limit to the
returned pathname where the special value "0" indicates that no limit
is requested. If a file has multiple links, an arbitrary name will be
returned.
The call canonicalize_file_name(path) is equivalent to the call real‐
path(path, NULL).
RETURN VALUES
On successful completion, realpath() and frealpath() return a pointer
to the resolved name. Otherwise, realpath() and frealpath() return a
null pointer and set errno to indicate the error, and the contents of
the buffer pointed to by resolved_name are left in an indeterminate
state.
ERRORS
The realpath() function will fail if:
EACCES Search permission was denied for a component of the
path prefix of file_name.
EINVAL The file_name argument is a null pointer.
EIO An error occurred while reading from the file system.
ELOOP Too many symbolic links were encountered in resolving
file_name.
ELOOP A loop exists in symbolic links encountered during res‐
olution of the file_name argument.
ENAMETOOLONG The file_name argument is longer than {PATH_MAX} or a
pathname component is longer than {NAME_MAX}.
ENOENT A component of file_name does not name an existing file
or file_name points to an empty string.
ENOTDIR A component of the path prefix is not a directory.
The frealpath() function will fail if:
EBADF The file_descriptor is not a valid descriptor.
ENOENT The file_descriptor points to a file without a name in the
file system, or the file name could not be resolved.
The realpath() and frealpath() functions may fail if:
ENOMEM Insufficient storage space is available.
The realpath() function may fail if:
EACCES The file_name argument does not begin with a slash (/)
and none of the symbolic links (if any) processed dur‐
ing pathname resolution of file_name had contents that
began with a slash (/), and either search permission
was denied for the current directory or read or search
permission was denied for a directory above the current
directory in the file hierarchy.
ENAMETOOLONG Pathname resolution of a symbolic link produced an
intermediate result whose length exceeds {PATH_MAX}.
USAGE
The realpath() function operates on null-terminated strings.
Execute permission is required for all the directories in the given and
the resolved path.
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(7) for descriptions of the following attributes:
tab() box; cw(2.75i) |cw(2.75i) lw(2.75i) |lw(2.75i) ATTRIBUTE TYPEAT‐
TRIBUTE VALUE _ Interface StabilityCommitted _ MT-LevelMT-Safe _ Stan‐
dardSee standards(7).
SEE ALSO
getcwd(3C), malloc(3C), sysconf(3C), limits.h(3HEAD), attributes(7),
standards(7)
Oracle Solaris 11.4 21 May 2012 realpath(3C)