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Intro(3)

Library Interfaces and Headers                                        Intro(3)



NAME
       Intro, intro - introduction to functions and libraries

DESCRIPTION
       This  section  describes  functions  found  in  various  Oracle Solaris
       libraries, other than those functions described in Section  2  of  this
       manual  that  directly invoke UNIX system primitives. Pages are grouped
       by library and are identified by the library name (or  an  abbreviation
       of  the  library name) after the section number. Collections of related
       libraries are grouped into volumes as described below. The first volume
       contains  pages describing the contents of each shared library and each
       header used by the functions, macros, and external variables  described
       in the remaining volumes.


       Function declarations can be obtained from the #include files indicated
       on each page. The C compilation  system  automatically  links  programs
       (but  not  shared  objects)  with the standard C library, libc. The C++
       compilation system additionally  links  the  appropriate  standard  C++
       libraries.  All  other  libraries  must  be  explicitly linked using -l
       options as specified. All libraries provided by  the  operating  system
       are implemented as shared objects.

   Library Interfaces and Headers
       This  volume  describes  the  contents  of each shared library and each
       header used by functions, macros, and external variables  described  in
       the remaining volumes.

       (3LIB)

           The  libraries  described in this section are implemented as shared
           objects.

           Descriptions of shared objects can  include  a  definition  of  the
           global  symbols  that  define the shared objects' public interface,
           for example SUNW_1.1. Other interfaces can exist within the  shared
           object,  for example SUNWprivate.1.1. The public interface provides
           a stable, committed set of symbols for application development. The
           private  interfaces  are for internal use only, and could change at
           any time.


       (3HEAD)

           The headers described  in  this  section  are  used  by  functions,
           macros,  and  external  variables.  Headers contain function proto‐
           types, definitions of symbolic constants, common  structures,  pre‐
           processor macros, and defined types. Each function described in the
           remaining five volumes specifies the headers  that  an  application
           must  include in order to use that function. In most cases only one
           header is required. These headers are  present  on  an  application
           development system; they do have to be present on the target execu‐
           tion system.


   Basic Library Functions
       The functions described in this volume are the core C library functions
       that are basic to application development.

       (3C)

           These  functions,  together with those of Section 2, constitute the
           standard C library, libc, which is automatically linked  by  the  C
           compilation  system  when building a program. Specify -lc on the cc
           command line to link with  this  library  when  building  a  shared
           object. See libc(3LIB) for a discussion. Some functions behave dif‐
           ferently in  standard-conforming  environments.  This  behavior  is
           noted on the individual manual pages. See standards(7).

           The libpthread and libthread libraries are filter libraries on libc
           used to support programs built on older versions  of  Solaris.  See
           MULTITHREADED APPLICATIONS, below.

           The  following libraries are also now filter libraries on libc used
           to support programs built on older versions of Solaris, and thus no
           longer need to be specified while linking programs:

           libaio         asynchronous I/O library


           libcmd         command utility library


           libdl          dynamic linking library


           libdoor        doors library


           libintl        internationalization library


           libnsl         network services library


           librt          POSIX.1b Realtime Extensions library


           libsched       scheduling library


           libsecdb       security attributes database library


           libsendfile    sendfile library


           libsocket      sockets library


           libw           wide character library


           libxnet        X/Open Networking library



       (3C_DB)

           These  functions constitute the threads debugging library, libc_db.
           Specify -lc_db on the cc command line to link  with  this  library.
           See libc_db(3LIB).


       (3MALLOC)

           These  functions  constitute the various alternative memory alloca‐
           tion libraries. Specify the listed link option on  the  cc  command
           line to link with each library. See the ALTERNATIVE IMPLEMENTATIONS
           section of malloc(3C) for an overview  and  comparison  of  all  of
           these libraries.



           tab();  lw(1.76i) lw(1.76i) lw(1.99i) lw(1.76i) lw(1.76i) lw(1.99i)
           LibraryLink optionSee _ libmalloc-lmalloclibmalloc(3LIB) libadimal‐
           loc-ladimalloclibadimalloc(3LIB)  libbsdmalloc-lbsdmalloclibbsdmal‐
           loc(3LIB)  libmapmalloc-lmapmalloclibmapmalloc(3LIB)   libmtmalloc-
           lmtmalloclibmtmalloc(3LIB)   libumem-lumemlibumem(3LIB)   watchmal‐
           locN/Awatchmalloc(3MALLOC)

           Note that libadimalloc is only usable on  ADI  capable  processors.
           watchmalloc  is not normally linked when building software, but may
           be used by setting the LD_PRELOAD environment variable when running
           a program.


   Networking Library Functions
       The  functions described in this volume comprise the various networking
       libraries.

       (3COMMPUTIL)

           These functions constitute the communication protocol parser utili‐
           ties  library,  libcommputil. Specify -lcommputil on the cc command
           line to link with this library. See libcommputil(3LIB).


       (3DLPI)

           These  functions  constitute  the  data  link  provider   interface
           library,  libdlpi.  Specify  -ldlpi  on the cc command line to link
           with this library. See libdlpi(3LIB).


       (3DNS_SD)

           These functions  constitute  the  DNS  service  discovery  library,
           libdns_sd.  Specify  -ldns_sd  on  the cc command line to link with
           this library. See libdns_sd(3LIB).


       (3GSS)

           These functions constitute the generic security  services  library.
           Specify -lgss on the cc command line to link with this library. See
           libgss(3LIB).


       (3NSL)

           Functions previously documented  in  the  network  service  library
           (3NSL),  have  been  moved  to the standard C library. They are now
           documented in the 3C section. The libnsl library is implemented  as
           a  filter  on libc(3LIB) to support objects built on older versions
           of Solaris. There is no need for a new  application  to  link  with
           this library.


       (3RESOLV)

           These  functions  constitute  the Domain Name System (DNS) resolver
           library, libresolv. Specify -lresolv on the cc command line to link
           with this library. See libresolv(3LIB).


       (3RPC)

           These  functions  constitute  the  remote procedure call libraries,
           librpcsvc and librpcsoc. The latter is provided  for  compatibility
           only;  new  applications should not link to it. Specify -lrpcsvc or
           -lrpcsoc on the cc command line to link with these  libraries.  See
           librpcsvc(3LIB).


       (3SIP)

           These functions constitute the Session Initiation Protocol library,
           libsip. Specify -lsip on the cc command  line  to  link  with  this
           library. See libsip(3LIB).


       (3SOCKET)

           Functions  previously  documented  in the socket library (3SOCKET),
           have been moved to the standard C library. They are now  documented
           in the 3C section. The libsocket library is implemented as a filter
           on libc(3LIB)  to  support  objects  built  on  older  versions  of
           Solaris.  There  is no need for a new application to link with this
           library.


       (3XNET)

           Functions previously documented in the  X/Open  networking  library
           (3XNET),  have  been  moved to the standard C library. They are now
           documented in the 3C section. The libxnet library is implemented as
           a  filter  on libc(3LIB) to support objects built on older versions
           of Solaris. There is no need for a new  application  to  link  with
           this library.


   Curses Library Functions
       The functions described in this volume comprise the libraries that pro‐
       vide graphics and character screen updating capabilities.

       (3CURSES)

           The functions constitute the following libraries:

           libcurses

               These functions constitute the curses library, libcurses. Spec‐
               ify  -lcurses on the cc command line to link with this library.
               See libcurses(3LIB).


           libform

               These functions constitute the forms library, libform.  Specify
               -lform  on  the  cc command line to link with this library. See
               libform(3LIB).


           libmenu

               These functions constitute the menus library, libmenu.  Specify
               -lmenu  on  the  cc command line to link with this library. See
               libmenu(3LIB).


           libpanel

               These functions constitute the panels library, libpanel.  Spec‐
               ify  -lpanel  on the cc command line to link with this library.
               See libpanel(3LIB).



       (3XCURSES)

           These functions constitute the X/Open curses  library,  located  in
           /usr/xpg4/lib/libcurses.so. This library provides a set of interna‐
           tionalized functions and macros for creating  and  modifying  input
           and output to a terminal screen. Included in this library are func‐
           tions for creating  windows,  highlighting  text,  writing  to  the
           screen,  reading  from  user  input,  and moving the cursor. X/Open
           Curses is designed to optimize screen update activities. The X/Open
           Curses  library  conforms fully with Issue 4 of the X/Open Extended
           Curses specification. See libcurses(3XCURSES).


   DAX Library Functions
       The functions described in this volume comprise the following  special‐
       ized libraries:

       (3DAX)

           These  functions  constitute  the  DAX (Data Analytics Accelerator)
           library, libdax. Specify -ldax on the cc command line to link  with
           this library. See libdax(3LIB).


   Extended Library Functions, Vol. 1
       The  functions described in this volume comprise the following special‐
       ized libraries:

       (3CFGADM)

           These  functions  constitute   the   configuration   administration
           library, libcfgadm. Specify -lcfgadm on the cc command line to link
           with this library. See libcfgadm(3LIB).


       (3CONTRACT)

           These functions constitute the contract management library, libcon‐
           tract.  Specify -lcontract on the cc command line to link with this
           library. See libcontract(3LIB).


       (3CPC)

           These functions constitute the  CPU  performance  counter  library,
           libcpc,  and the process context library, libpctx. Specify -lcpc or
           -lpctx on the cc command line to link  with  these  libraries.  See
           libcpc(3LIB) and libpctx(3LIB).


       (3DEVID)

           These functions constitute the device ID library, libdevid. Specify
           -ldevid on the cc command line to link with this library. See  lib‐
           devid(3LIB).


       (3DEVINFO)

           These  functions constitute the device information library, libdev‐
           info. Specify -ldevinfo on the cc command line to  link  with  this
           library. See libdevinfo(3LIB).


       (3ELF)

           These  functions  constitute  the  Extensible  Linking Format (ELF)
           access library, libelf. This library provides the interface for the
           creation  and  analyses  of  "elf" files; executables, objects, and
           shared objects. Specify -lelf on the cc command line to  link  with
           this library. See libelf(3LIB).


       (3EXACCT)

           These  functions constitute the extended accounting access library,
           libexacct, and the project  database  access  library,  libproject.
           Specify  -lexacct  or -lproject on the cc command line to link with
           these libraries. See libexacct(3LIB) and libproject(3LIB).


       (3FCOE)

           These functions constitute the Fibre  Channel  over  Ethernet  port
           management  library, libfcoe. Specify -lfcoe on the cc command line
           to link with this library. See libfcoe(3LIB).


       (3FM)

           These functions constitute the  fault  management  events  library,
           libfmevent.  Specify  -lfmevent on the cc command line to link with
           this library. See libfmevent(3LIB).


       (3FSTYP)

           These functions constitute  the  file  system  type  identification
           library,  libfstyp.  Specify -lfstyp on the cc command line to link
           with this library. See libfstyp(3LIB).


   Extended Library Functions, Vol. 2
       The functions described in this volume comprise the following  special‐
       ized libraries:

       (3DTRACE)

           These  functions  constitute  the  DTrace  dynamic tracing software
           library, libdtrace. Specify -ldtrace on the cc command line to link
           with this library. See libdtrace(3LIB).


       (3GEN)

           These functions constitute the string pattern-matching and pathname
           manipulation library, libgen. Specify -lgen on the cc command  line
           to link with this library. See libgen(3LIB).


       (3HBAAPI)

           These functions constitute the common Fibre Channel HBA information
           library, libhbaapi. Specify -lhbaapi on the cc command line to link
           with this library. See libhbaapi(3LIB).


       (3IMA)

           These  functions  constitute  the iSCSI Management library, libima.
           Specify -lma on the cc command line to link with this library.  See
           libima(3LIB).


       (3ISCSIT)

           These functions constitute the iSCSI Management library for COMSTAR
           iSCSI target ports, libiscsit. Specify -liscsit on the  cc  command
           line to link with this library. See libiscsit(3LIB).


       (3KSTAT)

           These functions constitute the version 1 kernel statistics library,
           libkstat. Specify -lkstat on the cc command line to link with  this
           library. This library has been deprecated in favor of libkstat2 and
           should not be used in newly written code. See libkstat(3LIB).


       (3KSTAT2)

           These functions constitute the version 2 kernel statistics library,
           libkstat2.  Specify  -lkstat2  on  the cc command line to link with
           this library. See libkstat2(3LIB).


       (3KVM)

           The functions in the libkvm library  access  the  kernel's  virtual
           memory.  Specify  -lkvm  on  the  cc command line to link with this
           library. See libkvm(3LIB).


       (3LAYOUT)

           These functions constitute the layout service  library,  liblayout.
           Specify  -llayout on the cc command line to link with this library.
           See liblayout(3LIB).


       (3LGRP)

           These functions constitute the  locality  group  library,  liblgrp.
           Specify  -llgrp  on  the cc command line to link with this library.
           See liblgrp(3LIB).


       (3M)

           These functions constitute the mathematical library, libm.  Specify
           -lm  on  the  cc  command  line  to  link  with  this  library. See
           libm(3LIB).


       (3MAIL)

           These functions constitute the  user  mailbox  management  library,
           libmail.  Specify  -lmail  on the cc command line to link with this
           library. See libmail(3LIB).


       (3MP)

           These functions constitute the multiple precision integer mathemat‐
           ics  library,  libmp.  Specify  -lmp on the cc command line to link
           with this library. See libmp(3LIB).


       (3MPAPI)

           These functions constitute the Common Multipath Management library,
           libMPAPI.  Specify -lMPAPI on the cc command line to link with this
           library. See libMPAPI(3LIB).


       (3MVEC)

           These functions constitute the vector mathematics library, libmvec.
           Specify  -lmvec  on  the cc command line to link with this library.
           See libmvec(3LIB).


       (3SANDBOX)

           These functions constitute the sandbox library, libsandbox. Specify
           -lsandbox  on  the  cc  command line to link with this library. See
           libsandbox(3LIB).


   Extended Library Functions, Vol. 3
       The functions described in this volume comprise the following  special‐
       ized libraries:

       (3NVPAIR)

           These  functions constitute the name-value pair library, libnvpair.
           Specify -lnvpair on the cc command line to link with this  library.
           See libnvpair(3LIB).


       (3PAM)

           These  functions  constitute  the  Pluggable  Authentication Module
           library, libpam. Specify -lpam on the cc command line to link  with
           this library. See libpam(3LIB).


       (3PICL)

           These  functions  constitute  the  PICL  library,  libpicl. Specify
           -lpicl on the cc command  line  to  link  with  this  library.  See
           libpicl(3LIB) and libpicl(3PICL).


       (3PICLTREE)

           These  functions  constitute the PICL plug-in library, libpicltree.
           Specify -lpicltree on  the  cc  command  line  to  link  with  this
           library. See libpicltree(3LIB) and libpicltree(3PICLTREE).


       (3POOL)

           These  functions  constitute  the  pool  configuration manipulation
           library, libpool. Specify -lpool on the cc  command  line  to  link
           with this library. See libpool(3LIB).


       (3PROC)

           These  functions  constitute  the Process Control library, libproc.
           Specify -lproc on the cc command line to link  with  this  library.
           See libproc(3LIB).


       (3PROJECT)

           These  functions  constitute  the  project database access library,
           libproject. Specify -lproject on the cc command line to  link  with
           this library. See libproject(3LIB).


       (3REPARSE)

           These  functions  constitute the reparse point library, libreparse.
           Specify -lreparse on the cc command line to link with this library.
           See libreparse(3LIB).


   Extended Library Functions, Vol. 4
       The  functions described in this volume comprise the following special‐
       ized libraries:

       (3SCF)

           These  functions  constitute  the  service  configuration  facility
           library,  libscf. Specify -lscf on the cc command line to link with
           this library. See libscf(3LIB).


       (3SEC)

           These functions constitute the file access control library, libsec.
           Specify -lsec on the cc command line to link with this library. See
           libsec(3LIB).


       (3SRPT)

           These functions constitute the SRP Target Management library,  lib‐
           srpt.  Specify  -lsrpt  on  the  cc  command line to link with this
           library. See libsrpt(3LIB).


       (3SSTORE)

           These functions constitute the Statistics Store library, libsstore.
           Specify  -lsstore on the cc command line to link with this library.
           See libsstore(3LIB).


       (3STMF)

           These functions constitute the SCSI Target Mode Framework  library,
           libstmf.  Specify  -lstmf  on the cc command line to link with this
           library. See libstmf(3LIB).


       (3SUNMATH)

           These functions constitute the  Sun  legacy  mathematical  library,
           libsunmath.  Specify  -lsunmath on the cc command line to link with
           this library. For more information, see  the  libsunmath(3LIB)  man
           page.


       (3SYSEVENT)

           These  functions  constitute the system event library, libsysevent.
           Specify -lsysevent on  the  cc  command  line  to  link  with  this
           library. See libsysevent(3LIB).


       (3SYSOBJ)

           These functions constitute the system object database library, lib‐
           sysobj. Specify -lsysobj on the cc command line to link  with  this
           library. See libsysobj(3LIB).


       (3TECLA)

           These  functions  constitute  the  interactive  command-line  input
           library, libtecla. Specify -ltecla on the cc command line  to  link
           with this library. See libtecla(3LIB).


       (3TSOL)

           These functions constitute the Trusted Extensions library, libtsol,
           and the  Trusted  Extensions  network  library,  libtsnet.  Specify
           -ltsol  or  -ltsnet  on  the  cc  command  line  to link with these
           libraries. See libtsol(3LIB) and libtsnet(3LIB).


       (3UUID)

           These  functions  constitute  the  universally  unique   identifier
           library,  libuuid.  Specify  -luuid  on the cc command line to link
           with this library. See libuuid(3LIB).


       (3VOLMGT)

           These functions constitute  the  volume  management  library,  lib‐
           volmgt.  Specify  -lvolmgt on the cc command line to link with this
           library. See libvolmgt(3LIB).


       (3ZONESTAT)

           These functions constitute the zones statistics library,  libzones‐
           tat.  Specify  -lzonestat  on the cc command line to link with this
           library. See libzonestat(3LIB).


DEFINITIONS
       A character is any bit pattern able to fit into a byte on the  machine.
       In  some  international languages, however, a "character" might require
       more than one byte, and is represented as a multibyte character.


       The null character is a character with value 0,  conventionally  repre‐
       sented  in  the  C  language  as \0. A character array is a sequence of
       characters. A null-terminated character array (a string) is a  sequence
       of characters, the last of which is the null character. The null string
       is a character array containing only the terminating null character.  A
       null pointer is the value that is obtained by casting 0 into a pointer.
       C guarantees that this value will not  match  that  of  any  legitimate
       pointer, so many functions that return pointers return NULL to indicate
       an error. The macro NULL is defined in <stddef.h>. Types  of  the  form
       size_t are defined in the appropriate headers.

MULTITHREADED APPLICATIONS
       Both  POSIX  threads  and  Solaris  threads can be used within the same
       application. Their implementations are completely compatible with  each
       other;  however,  only  POSIX  threads  guarantee  portability to other
       POSIX-conforming environments. See threads(7).


       The libpthread(3LIB) and libthread(3LIB) libraries are  implemented  as
       filters  on  libc(3LIB)  to  support objects built on older versions of
       Solaris. There is no need for a multithreaded application to link  with
       these libraries.


       In  the  default  compilation environment, when neither _POSIX_C_SOURCE
       nor _XOPEN_SOURCE is defined, all functions as specified by the  latest
       POSIX standard are visible to code being compiled, along with all other
       functions and names provided by Solaris. For Oracle Solaris 11.4,  this
       corresponds  to  The  Open Group, Single UNIX Specification, Version 4,
       December 2010 (IEEE Std 1003.1-2008, aka XPG7, UNIX  V7).  The  default
       compilation environment is equivalent to:


         cc -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=200809L -D__EXTENSIONS__ ...
         or
         cc -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=700 -D__EXTENSIONS__ ...




       Prior  to Oracle Solaris 11.4, the default compilation environment made
       the Draft-6 POSIX.1c-1995 (POSIX Threads) versions  of  several  inter‐
       faces   visible   to   code  being  compiled,  rather  than  the  final
       POSIX.1c-1995 versions. To allow applications that were written to  use
       the obsolete Draft-6 interfaces to continue to be compiled and run, the
       __USE_DRAFT6_PROTOTYPES__ macro must be defined:

         cc -D__USE_DRAFT6_PROTOTYPES__ ...



       Support for the Draft-6 interfaces is provided for source compatibility
       only  and  might  not be supported in future releases. Old applications
       should be converted to use the standard definitions.


       Unsafe interfaces should be called only from the main thread to  ensure
       the application's safety.


       MT-Safe  interfaces  are denoted in the ATTRIBUTES section of the func‐
       tions and libraries manual pages (see attributes(7)). If a manual  page
       does not state explicitly that an interface is MT-Safe, the user should
       assume that the interface is unsafe.

REALTIME APPLICATIONS
       The environment variable LD_BIND_NOW must be set to a non-null value to
       enable  early  binding.  See  When  Relocations Are Performed in Oracle
       Solaris 11.4 Linkers and Libraries Guide for additional information.

FILES
       INCDIR         usually /usr/include


       LIBDIR         usually either  /lib  or  /usr/lib  (32-bit)  or  either
                      /lib/64 or /usr/lib/64 (64-bit)


       LIBDIR/*.so    shared libraries


ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
       Oracle  gratefully acknowledges The Open Group for permission to repro‐
       duce portions of its copyrighted documentation. Original  documentation
       from  The  Open  Group  can  be  obtained  online  at https://www.open‐
       group.org/


       The Institute of Electrical and  Electronics  Engineers  and  The  Open
       Group, have given us permission to reprint portions of their documenta‐
       tion.


       In the following statement, the phrase "this text" refers  to  portions
       of the system documentation.


       Portions  of  this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
       in the Oracle Solaris 11 Reference Manual, from IEEE Std  1003.1,  2004
       Edition, Standard for Information Technology -- Portable Operating Sys‐
       tem Interface (POSIX), The Open  Group  Base  Specifications  Issue  6,
       Copyright  (C) 2001-2004 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics
       Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In  the  event  of  any  discrepancy
       between  these  versions and the original IEEE and The Open Group Stan‐
       dard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee doc‐
       ument.


       This notice shall appear on any product containing this material.

SEE ALSO
       ar(1),   ld(1),   ld.so.1(1),   fork(2),   stdio(3C),  stddef.h(3HEAD),
       attributes(7), standards(7), threads(7)


       Oracle Solaris 11.4 Linkers and Libraries Guide

DIAGNOSTICS
       For functions that return floating-point values, error handling  varies
       according  to  compilation  mode. Under the -Xt (default) option to cc,
       these functions return the conventional values 0, ±HUGE,  or  NaN  when
       the  function is undefined for the given arguments or when the value is
       not representable. In the -Xa and -Xc compilation modes,  ±HUGE_VAL  is
       returned  instead of ±HUGE. (HUGE_VAL and HUGE are defined in math.h to
       be infinity and the largest-magnitude single-precision number,  respec‐
       tively.)

NOTES
       None  of  the  functions, external variables, or macros should be rede‐
       fined in the user's programs. Any other name can be  redefined  without
       affecting  the  behavior of other library functions, but such redefini‐
       tion might conflict with a declaration in an included header.


       The headers in INCDIR provide function  prototypes  (function  declara‐
       tions  including  the  types  of  arguments)  for most of the functions
       listed in this manual. Function prototypes allow the compiler to  check
       for  correct  usage  of these functions in the user's program. The lint
       program checker can also be used and will report discrepancies even  if
       the  headers are not included with #include statements. Definitions for
       Sections 2 and 3C are checked automatically. Other definitions  can  be
       included  by  using  the  -l option to lint. (For example, -lm includes
       definitions for libm.) Use of lint is highly recommended.


       Users should carefully note the difference between STREAMS and  stream.
       STREAMS  is  a set of kernel mechanisms that support the development of
       network services and data communication  drivers.  It  is  composed  of
       utility  routines,  kernel  facilities, and a set of data structures. A
       stream is a file with its associated buffering. It is declared to be  a
       pointer to a type FILE defined in <stdio.h>.


       In  detailed  definitions  of  components, it is sometimes necessary to
       refer to symbolic names that are implementation-specific, but which are
       not  necessarily  expected  to be accessible to an application program.
       Many of these symbolic names describe boundary  conditions  and  system
       limits.


       In  this section, for readability, these implementation-specific values
       are given symbolic names. These names always appear enclosed  in  curly
       brackets  to  distinguish them from symbolic names of other implementa‐
       tion-specific constants that are accessible to application programs  by
       headers.  These  names are not necessarily accessible to an application
       program through a header, although they can be defined in the  documen‐
       tation for a particular system.


       In  general,  a  portable application program should not refer to these
       symbolic names in its code. For example, an application  program  would
       not  be expected to test the length of an argument list given to a rou‐
       tine to determine if it was greater than {ARG_MAX}.



Oracle Solaris 11.4               11 May 2021                         Intro(3)
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