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shift(1)

shift(1)                         User Commands                        shift(1)



NAME
       shift  -  shell built-in function to traverse either a shell's argument
       list or a list of field-separated words

SYNOPSIS
   sh
       shift [n]

   csh
       shift [variable]

   ksh88
       *shift [n]

   ksh88
       +shift [n]

DESCRIPTION
   sh
       The positional parameters from $n+1 ... are renamed $1 ... .  If  n  is
       not specified, it is assumed to be 1.

   csh
       The  components  of  argv, or variable, if supplied, are shifted to the
       left, discarding the first component. It is an error for  the  variable
       not to be set or to have a null value.

   ksh88
       The  positional  parameters  from  $n+1   $n+1  ... are renamed $1 ...,
       default n is 1. The parameter n can be any arithmetic  expression  that
       evaluates to a non-negative number less than or equal to $#.


       On  this manual page, ksh88(1) commands that are preceded by one or two
       * (asterisks) are treated specially in the following ways:

           1.     Variable assignment lists preceding the  command  remain  in
                  effect when the command completes.


           2.     I/O redirections are processed after variable assignments.


           3.     Errors cause a script that contains them to abort.


           4.     Words,  following  a  command preceded by ** that are in the
                  format of a variable assignment, are expanded with the  same
                  rules  as  a variable assignment. This means that tilde sub‐
                  stitution is performed after the = sign and  word  splitting
                  and file name generation are not performed.



   ksh
       shift is a shell special built-in that shifts the positional parameters
       to the left by the number of places defined by n, or 1 if n is omitted.
       The  number of positional parameters remaining is reduced by the number
       of places that are shifted.


       If n is specified, it is  evaluated  as  an  arithmetic  expression  to
       determine  the  number of places to shift. It is an error to shift more
       than the number of  positional  parameters  or  a  negative  number  of
       places.


       The following exit values are returned by shift in ksh:

       0     Successful  completion.  The  positional parameters were success‐
             fully shifted.


       >0    An error occurred.



       On this manual page, ksh(1) commands that are preceded by one or two  +
       are treated specially in the following ways:

           1.     Variable  assignment  lists  preceding the command remain in
                  effect when the command completes.


           2.     I/O redirections are processed after variable assignments.


           3.     Errors cause a script that contains them to abort.


           4.     They are not valid function names.


           5.     Words, following a command preceded by ++ that  are  in  the
                  format  of a variable assignment, are expanded with the same
                  rules as a variable assignment. This means that  tilde  sub‐
                  stitution  is performed after the = sign and field splitting
                  and file name generation are not performed.



ATTRIBUTES
       See attributes(7) for descriptions of the following attributes:


       tab() box; cw(2.75i) |cw(2.75i) lw(2.75i) |lw(2.75i) ATTRIBUTE  TYPEAT‐
       TRIBUTE VALUE _ Availabilitysystem/core-os


SEE ALSO
       csh(1), ksh(1), ksh88(1), sh(1), attributes(7)



Oracle Solaris 11.4               12 Jul 2011                         shift(1)
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