svcadm(1M)을 검색하려면 섹션에서 1M 을 선택하고, 맨 페이지 이름에 svcadm을 입력하고 검색을 누른다.
shell_builtins(1)
shell_builtins(1) User Commands shell_builtins(1)
NAME
shell_builtins, case, for, foreach, function, if, repeat, select,
switch, until, while - shell command interpreter built-in commands
DESCRIPTION
The shell command interpreters csh(1), ksh(1), ksh88(1), and sh(1) have
special built-in commands. The commands case, for, foreach, function,
if, repeat, select, switch, until, and while are commands in the syntax
recognized by the shells. They are described in the Commands section of
the manual pages of the respective shells. In ksh(1), fc, hash, stop,
suspend, times, and type are aliases by default.
The remaining commands listed in the following table are built into the
shells for reasons such as efficiency or data sharing between command
invocations. They are described on their respective manual pages.
tab(); cw(2.75i) cw(2.75i) lw(2.75i) lw(2.75i) CommandShell _ alarmksh
++**aliascsh, ksh88, ksh bgcsh, ksh88, ksh, sh +*breakcsh, ksh88, ksh,
sh builtinksh casecsh, ksh88, ksh, sh cdcsh, ksh88, ksh, sh chdircsh,
sh commandksh +*continuecsh, ksh88, ksh, sh dirscsh disownksh echocsh,
ksh88, ksh, sh enumksh +*evalcsh, ksh88, ksh, sh +*execcsh, ksh88, ksh,
sh +*exitcsh, ksh88, ksh, sh ++**exportksh88, ksh, sh falseksh88, ksh
fcksh88, ksh fgcsh, ksh88, ksh, sh forksh88, ksh, sh foreachcsh func‐
tionksh88, ksh getoptsksh88, ksh, sh globcsh gotocsh hashksh88, ksh, sh
hashstatcsh histksh historycsh ifcsh, ksh88, ksh, sh jobscsh, ksh88,
ksh, sh killcsh, ksh88, ksh, sh letksh88, ksh, limitcsh logincsh,
ksh88, ksh, sh logoutcsh nicecsh +*newgrpksh88, ksh, sh nohupcsh noti‐
fycsh onintrcsh popdcsh printksh88, ksh printfksh pushdcsh pwdksh88,
ksh, sh readksh88, ksh, sh ++**readonlyksh88, ksh, sh rehashcsh
repeatcsh +*returnksh88, ksh, sh selectksh88, ksh +setcsh, ksh88, ksh,
sh setenvcsh *shiftcsh, ksh88, ksh, sh sourcecsh stopcsh, ksh88, ksh,
sh suspendcsh, ksh88, sh switchcsh testksh88, ksh, sh timecsh
*timesksh88, ksh, sh *+trapksh88, ksh, sh trueksh88, ksh typeksh88,
ksh, sh ++**typesetksh88, ksh ulimitksh88, ksh, sh umaskcsh, ksh88,
ksh, sh +unaliascsh, ksh88, ksh unhashcsh unlimitcsh +unsetcsh, ksh88,
ksh, sh unsetenvcsh untilksh88, ksh, sh vmapksh vpathksh *waitcsh,
ksh88, ksh, sh whenceksh88, ksh whilecsh, ksh88, ksh, sh
Bourne Shell, sh, Special Commands
Input/output redirection is now permitted for these commands. File
descriptor 1 is the default output location. When Job Control is
enabled, additional Special Commands are added to the shell's environ‐
ment.
In addition to these built-in reserved command words, sh also uses:
: No effect; the command does nothing. A zero exit code is
returned.
.filename Read and execute commands from filename and return. The
search path specified by PATH is used to find the direc‐
tory containing filename.
C shell, csh
Built-in commands are executed within the C shell. If a built-in com‐
mand occurs as any component of a pipeline except the last, it is exe‐
cuted in a subshell. In addition to these built-in reserved command
words, csh also uses:
: Null command. This command is interpreted, but performs no action.
Korn Shell, ksh88, Special Commands
Input/Output redirection is permitted. Unless otherwise indicated, the
output is written on file descriptor 1 and the exit status, when there
is no syntax error, is zero.
Commands that are preceded by one or two * (asterisks) are treated spe‐
cially in the following ways:
1. Variable assignment lists preceding the command remain in
effect when the command completes.
2. I/O redirections are processed after variable assignments.
3. Errors cause a script that contains them to abort.
4. Words, following a command preceded by ** that are in the
format of a variable assignment, are expanded with the same
rules as a variable assignment. This means that tilde sub‐
stitution is performed after the = sign and word splitting
and file name generation are not performed.
In addition to these built-in reserved command words, ksh88 also uses:
* : [ arg ... ] The command only expands parameters.
* .file [ arg ... ] Read the complete file then execute the com‐
mands. The commands are executed in the cur‐
rent shell environment. The search path
specified by PATH is used to find the direc‐
tory containing file. If any arguments arg
are specified, they become the positional
parameters. Otherwise, the positional param‐
eters are unchanged. The exit status is the
exit status of the last command executed.
the loop termination test.
Korn Shell, ksh, Special Commands
Input/Output redirection is permitted. Unless otherwise indicated, the
output is written on file descriptor 1 and the exit status, when there
is no syntax error, is zero.
Except for :, true, false, echo, newgrp, and login, all built-in com‐
mands accept -- to indicate end of options. They also interpret the
option --man as a request to display the manual page onto standard
error and -? as a help request which prints a usage message on standard
error.
Commands that are preceded by one or two + are treated specially in the
following ways:
1. Variable assignment lists preceding the command remain in
effect when the command completes.
2. I/O redirections are processed after variable assignments.
3. Errors cause a script that contains them to abort.
4. They are not valid function names.
5. Words, following a command preceded by ++ that are in the
format of a variable assignment, are expanded with the same
rules as a variable assignment. This means that tilde sub‐
stitution is performed after the = sign and field splitting
and file name generation are not performed.
In addition to these built-in reserved command words, ksh also uses:
: [ arg ... ] The command only expands parameters.
.name [ arg ... ] If name is a function defined with the func‐
tion name reserved word syntax, the function
is executed in the current environment (as if
it had been defined with the name() syntax.)
Otherwise if name refers to a file, the file
is read in its entirety and the commands are
executed in the current shell environment. The
search path specified by PATH is used to find
the directory containing the file. If any
arguments arg are specified, they become the
positional parameters while processing the .
command and the original positional parameters
are restored upon completion. Otherwise the
positional parameters are unchanged. The exit
status is the exit status of the last command
executed.
SEE ALSO
times(1), alias(1), break(1), builtin(1), cd(1), chmod(1), csh(1), dis‐
own(1), echo(1), exec(1), exit(1), find(1), getoptcvt(1), getopts(1),
glob(1), hash(1), history(1), Intro(1), jobs(1), kill(1), ksh(1),
ksh88(1), let(1), limit(1), login(1), logout(1), newgrp(1), nice(1),
nohup(1), print(1), printf(1), pwd(1), read(1), readonly(1), set(1),
sh(1), shift(1), sleep(1), suspend(1), test(1), time(1), trap(1), type‐
set(1), umask(1), wait(1), chdir(2), chmod(2), creat(2), umask(2),
getopt(3C), profile(5), environ(7)
Oracle Solaris 11.4 27 Jul 2011 shell_builtins(1)