svcadm(8)을 검색하려면 섹션에서 8 을 선택하고, 맨 페이지 이름에 svcadm을 입력하고 검색을 누른다.
who(1)
who(1) User Commands who(1)
NAME
who - who is on the system
SYNOPSIS
/usr/bin/who [-a | --all] [-b | --boot] [-d | --dead]
[-H | --heading] [-l | --login] [--lookup] [-m]
[-p | --process] [-q | --count] [-r | --runlevel]
[-s | --short] [-t | --time]
[-T | -w | --mesg | --message | --writeable]
[-u | --users] [file]
/usr/bin/who -q | --count [-n x] [file]
/usr/bin/who am i
/usr/bin/who am I
/usr/xpg4/bin/who [-abdHlmpqrtTu] [file]
/usr/xpg4/bin/who -q [-n x] [file]
/usr/xpg4/bin/who -s [-bdHlmpqrtu] [file]
/usr/xpg4/bin/who am i
/usr/xpg4/bin/who am I
DESCRIPTION
The who utility can list the user's name, terminal line, login time,
elapsed time since activity occurred on the line, and the process-ID of
the command interpreter (shell) for each current UNIX system user. It
examines the /var/adm/utmpx file to obtain its information. If file is
given, that file (which must be in utmpx(5) format) is examined. Usu‐
ally, file will be /var/adm/wtmpx, which contains a history of all the
logins since the file was last created.
The general format for output is:
name [state] line time [idle] [pid] [comment] [exit] [(host)]
where:
name User's login name
state Capability of writing to the terminal
line Name of the line found in /dev
time Time since user's login
idle Time elapsed since the user's last activity
pid User's process id
comment Comment line in inittab(5)
exit Exit status for dead processes
host Host from which login originated
OPTIONS
The following options are supported in /usr/bin/who:
-a, --all
Processes /var/adm/utmpx or the named file with -b, -d, -l, -p, -r,
-t, -T, and -u options turned on.
-b, --boot
Indicates the time and date of the last reboot.
-d, --dead
Displays all processes that have expired and not been respawned by
init. The exit field appears for dead processes and contains the
termination and exit values (as returned by wait(3C)), of the dead
process. This can be useful in determining why a process termi‐
nated.
-H, --heading
Outputs column headings above the regular output.
-l, --login
Lists only those lines on which the system is waiting for someone
to login. The name field is LOGIN in such cases. Other fields are
the same as for user entries except that the state field does not
exist.
--lookup
Performs a lookup of the host in the configured name services to
find the canonical (first defined) name of the host (see NOTES).
-m
Outputs only information about the current terminal.
-n x
Takes a numeric argument, x, which specifies the number of users to
display per line. x must be at least 1. The -n option can only be
used with -q.
-p, --process
Lists any other process that is currently active and has been pre‐
viously spawned by init. The name field is the name of the program
executed by init as found in /usr/sbin/inittab. The state, line,
and idle fields have no meaning. The comment field shows the id
field of the line from /usr/sbin/inittab that spawned this process.
See inittab(5).
-q, --count
(Quick who) Displays only the names and the number of users cur‐
rently logged on. When this option is used, all options other than
-n are ignored.
-r, --runlevel
Indicates the current run-level of the init process.
-s, --short
(Default) Lists only the name, line, time, and (if the host field
is present in the utmpx entry) host fields.
-T, --mesg, --message
Same as the -s option, except that the state, idle, pid, and com‐
ment fields are also written. state is one of the following charac‐
ters:
+ The terminal allows write access to other users.
− The terminal denies write access to other users.
? The terminal write-access state cannot be determined.
-t, --time
Indicates the last change to the system clock (using the date util‐
ity) by root. See su(8) and date(1).
-u, --users
Lists only those users who are currently logged in. The name is the
user's login name. The line is the name of the line as found in the
directory /dev. The time is the time that the user logged in. The
idle column contains the number of hours and minutes since activity
last occurred on that particular line. A dot (.) indicates that the
terminal has seen activity in the last minute and is therefore cur‐
rent. If more than twenty-four hours have elapsed or the line has
not been used since boot time, the entry is marked old. This field
is useful when trying to determine whether a person is working at
the terminal or not. The pid is the process-ID of the user's shell.
The comment is the comment field associated with this line as found
in /usr/sbin/inittab (see inittab(5)). This can contain information
about where the terminal is located, the telephone number of the
dataset, type of terminal if hard-wired, and so forth.
-w, --writeable
Same as -T option
/usr/xpg4/bin/who
The following options are supported in /usr/xpg4/bin/who:
-a Processes /var/adm/utmpx or the named file with -b, -d, -l, -p,
-r, -t, -T, and -u options turned on.
-b Indicates the time and date of the last reboot.
-d Displays all processes that have expired and not been respawned
by init. The exit field appears for dead processes and contains
the termination and exit values (as returned by wait(3C)), of the
dead process. This can be useful in determining why a process
terminated.
-H Outputs column headings above the regular output.
-l Lists only those lines on which the system is waiting for someone
to login. The name field is LOGIN in such cases. Other fields are
the same as for user entries except that the state field does not
exist.
-m Outputs only information about the current terminal.
-p Lists any other process that is currently active and has been
previously spawned by init. The name field is the name of the
program executed by init as found in /usr/sbin/inittab. The
state, line, and idle fields have no meaning. The comment field
shows the id field of the line from /usr/sbin/inittab that
spawned this process. See inittab(5).
-q (Quick who) Displays only the names and the number of users cur‐
rently logged on. When this option is used, all options other
than -n are ignored.
-r Indicates the current run-level of the init process.
-s (Default) Lists only the name, line, and time fields.
-T Same as the -s option, except that the state field is also writ‐
ten. state is one of the characters listed under the /usr/bin/who
version of this option. If the -u option is used with -T, the
idle time is added to the end of the previous format.
-t Indicates the last change to the system clock (using the date
utility) by root. See su(8) and date(1).
-u Lists only those users who are currently logged in. The name is
the user's login name. The line is the name of the line as found
in the directory /dev. The time is the time that the user logged
in. The idle column contains the number of hours and minutes
since activity last occurred on that particular line. A dot (.)
indicates that the terminal has seen activity in the last minute
and is therefore current. If more than twenty-four hours have
elapsed or the line has not been used since boot time, the entry
is marked old. This field is useful when trying to determine
whether a person is working at the terminal or not. The pid is
the process-ID of the user's shell. The comment is the comment
field associated with this line as found in /usr/sbin/inittab
(see inittab(5)). This can contain information about where the
terminal is located, the telephone number of the dataset, type of
terminal if hard-wired, and so forth.
OPERANDS
The following operands are supported:
am i In the C locale, limits the output to describing the invoking
am I user, equivalent to the -m option. The am and i or I must be
separate arguments.
file Specifies a path name of a file to substitute for the database
of logged-on users that who uses by default.
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
See environ(7) for descriptions of the following environment variables
that affect the execution of who: LANG, LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE, LC_MESSAGES,
LC_TIME, and NLSPATH.
EXIT STATUS
The following exit values are returned:
0 Successful completion.
>0 An error occurred.
FILES
/usr/sbin/inittab Script for init
/var/adm/utmpx Current user and accounting information
/var/adm/wtmpx Historic user and accounting information
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(7) for descriptions of the following attributes:
/usr/bin/who
tab() box; cw(2.75i) |cw(2.75i) lw(2.75i) |lw(2.75i) ATTRIBUTE TYPEAT‐
TRIBUTE VALUE _ Availabilitysystem/core-os _ Interface StabilityCommit‐
ted
/usr/xpg4/bin/who
tab() box; cw(2.75i) |cw(2.75i) lw(2.75i) |lw(2.75i) ATTRIBUTE TYPEAT‐
TRIBUTE VALUE _ Availabilitysystem/xopen/xcu4 _ Interface Stability‐
Committed _ StandardSee standards(7).
SEE ALSO
date(1), login(1), mesg(1), wait(3C), inittab(5), utmpx(5), attrib‐
utes(7), environ(7), standards(7), init(8), su(8)
NOTES
When the system is in the single-user state, who returns no output.
Since /var/adm/utmpx is updated at login time and there is no login in
single-user state, who cannot report accurately on this state. The com‐
mand, who am i, however, returns the correct information.
The --lookup option is used to query the configured name services to
try to locate the so-called canonical name for the hostname specified
in the utmpx entry. This will return the first name returned by the
getaddrinfo(3C) function supplied with the AI_CANONNAME hint.
The host field is set by the login software, and may include informa‐
tion other than a network address or hostname, such as an X Window Sys‐
tem DISPLAY id or a Solaris zone name.
HISTORY
Support for the --all, --boot, --count, --dead, --heading, --help,
--login, --lookup, --mesg, --message, --process, --runlevel, --short,
--time, --users, --writeable, and -w options was added to /usr/bin/who
in Solaris 11.4.0.
Support for the -m option was added to both who commands in Solaris
2.5.
The /usr/xpg4/bin/who command was added in Solaris 2.5.
Support for the -a, -b, -d, -H, -l, -n, -p, -q, -r, -s, -t, -T, and -u
options was added to /usr/bin/who in Solaris 2.0.
The who command, with support for the am i and file arguments has been
present in all Sun and Oracle releases of Solaris.
Oracle Solaris 11.4 29 Nov 2022 who(1)