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ttcompat(4m)
ttcompat(4M) Streams Modules ttcompat(4M)
NAME
ttcompat - V7, 4BSD and XENIX STREAMS compatibility module
SYNOPSIS
#define BSD_COMP
#include <sys/stropts.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
ioctl(fd, I_PUSH, "ttcompat");
DESCRIPTION
ttcompat is a STREAMS module that translates the ioctl calls supported
by the older Version 7, 4BSD, and XENIX terminal drivers into the ioctl
calls supported by the termio interface (see termio(4I)). All other
messages pass through this module unchanged; the behavior of read and
write calls is unchanged, as is the behavior of ioctl calls other than
the ones supported by ttcompat.
This module can be automatically pushed onto a stream using the auto‐
push mechanism when a terminal device is opened; it does not have to be
explicitly pushed onto a stream. This module requires that the termios
interface be supported by the modules and the application can push the
driver downstream. The TCGETS, TCSETS, and TCSETSF ioctl calls must be
supported. If any information set or fetched by those ioctl calls is
not supported by the modules and driver downstream, some of the
V7/4BSD/XENIX functions may not be supported. For example, if the CBAUD
bits in the c_cflag field are not supported, the functions provided by
the sg_ispeed and sg_ospeed fields of the sgttyb structure (see below)
will not be supported. If the TCFLSH ioctl is not supported, the func‐
tion provided by the TIOCFLUSH ioctl will not be supported. If the
TCXONC ioctl is not supported, the functions provided by the TIOCSTOP
and TIOCSTART ioctl calls will not be supported. If the TIOCMBIS and
TIOCMBIC ioctl calls are not supported, the functions provided by the
TIOCSDTR and TIOCCDTR ioctl calls will not be supported.
The basic ioctl calls use the sgttyb structure defined by <sys/ttold.h>
(included by <sys/ioctl.h>):
struct sgttyb {
char sg_ispeed;
char sg_ospeed;
char sg_erase;
char sg_kill;
int sg_flags;
};
The sg_ispeed and sg_ospeed fields describe the input and output speeds
of the device. If the speed set on the device is over B38400, then it
is reported as B38400 for compatibility reasons. If it is set to B38400
and the current speed is over B38400, the change is ignored. See TI‐
OCGETP and TIOCSETP below. The sg_erase and sg_kill fields of the argu‐
ment structure specify the erase and kill characters respectively, and
reflect the values in the VERASE and VKILL members of the c_cc field of
the termios structure.
The sg_flags field of the argument structure contains several flags
that determine the system's treatment of the terminal. They are mapped
into flags in fields of the terminal state, represented by the termios
structure.
Delay type 0 (NL0, TAB0, CR0, FF0, BS0) is always mapped into the
equivalent delay type 0 in the c_oflag field of the termios structure.
Other delay mappings are performed as follows:
tab() box; cw(2.17i) |cw(3.33i) lw(2.17i) |lw(3.33i) sg_flagsc_oflag _
BS1BS1 _ FF1VT1 _ CR1CR2 _ CR2CR3 _ CR3CR0 (not supported) _ TAB1TAB1 _
TAB2TAB2 _ XTABSTAB3 _ NL1ONLRET|CR1 _ NL2NL1 _ NL3NL0 (not supported)
If previous TIOCLSET or TIOCLBIS ioctl calls have not selected LITOUT
or PASS8 mode, and if RAW mode is not selected, the ISTRIP flag is set
in the c_iflag field of the termios structure, and the EVENP and ODDP
flags control the parity of characters sent to the terminal and ac‐
cepted from the terminal, as follows:
0 (neither EVENP nor ODDP) Parity is not to be generated on output
or checked on input. The character size
is set to CS8 and the PARENB flag is
cleared in the c_cflag field of the
termios structure.
EVENP Even parity characters are to be gener‐
ated on output and accepted on input. The
INPCK flag is set in the c_iflag field of
the termios structure, the character size
is set to CS7 and the PARENB flag is set
in the c_iflag field of the termios
structure.
ODDP Odd parity characters are to be generated
on output and accepted on input. The IN‐
PCK flag is set in the c_iflag, the char‐
acter size is set to CS7 and the PARENB
and PARODD flags are set in the c_iflag
field of the termios structure.
EVENP|ODDP or ANYP Even parity characters are to be gener‐
ated on output and characters of either
parity are to be accepted on input. The
INPCK flag is cleared in the c_iflag
field, the character size is set to CS7
and the PARENB flag is set in the c_iflag
field of the termios structure.
The RAW flag disables all output processing (the OPOST flag in the
c_oflag field, and the XCASE and IEXTEN flags in the c_iflag field are
cleared in the termios structure) and input processing (all flags in
the c_iflag field other than the IXOFF and IXANY flags are cleared in
the termios structure). Eight bits of data, with no parity bit are ac‐
cepted on input and generated on output; the character size is set to
CS8 and the PARENB and PARODD flags are cleared in the c_cflag field of
the termios structure. The signal-generating and line-editing control
characters are disabled by clearing the ISIG and ICANON flags in the
c_iflag field of the termios structure.
The CRMOD flag turns input carriage return characters into linefeed
characters, and output linefeed characters to be sent as a carriage re‐
turn followed by a linefeed. The ICRNL flag in the c_iflag field, and
the OPOST and ONLCR flags in the c_oflag field, are set in the termios
structure.
The LCASE flag maps uppercase letters in the ASCII character set to
their lowercase equivalents on input (the IUCLC flag is set in the
c_iflag field), and maps lowercase letters in the ASCII character set
to their uppercase equivalents on output (the OLCUC flag is set in the
c_oflag field). Escape sequences are accepted on input, and generated
on output, to handle certain ASCII characters not supported by older
terminals (the XCASE flag is set in the c_lflag field).
Other flags are directly mapped to flags in the termios structure:
tab() box; cw(1.82i) |cw(3.68i) lw(1.82i) |lw(3.68i) sg_flagsFlags in
termios structure _ CBREAKComplement of ICANON in c_lflag field _
ECHOECHO in c_lflag field _ TANDEMIXOFF in c_iflag field
Another structure associated with each terminal specifies characters
that are special in both the old Version 7 and the newer 4BSD terminal
interfaces. The following structure is defined by <sys/ttold.h>:
struct tchars {
char t_intrc; /* interrupt */
char t_quitc; /* quit */
char t_startc; /* start output */
char t_stopc; /* stop output */
char t_eofc; /* end-of-file */
char t_brkc; /* input delimiter (like nl) */
};
XENIX defines the tchar structure as tc. The characters are mapped to
members of the c_cc field of the termios structure as follows:
tchars c_cc index
t_intrc VINTR
t_quitc VQUIT
t_startc VSTART
t_stopc VSTOP
t_eofc VEOF
t_brkc VEOL
Also associated with each terminal is a local flag word (TIOCLSET and
TIOCLGET), specifying flags supported by the new 4BSD terminal inter‐
face. Most of these flags are directly mapped to flags in the termios
structure:
tab() box; cw(1.79i) |cw(3.71i) lw(1.79i) |lw(3.71i) Local flagsFlags
in termios structure _ LCRTBSNot supported _ LPRTERAECHOPRT in the
c_lflag field _ LCRTERAECHOE in the c_lflag field _ LTILDENot supported
_ LMDMBUFNot supported _ LTOSTOPTOSTOP in the c_lflag field _
LFLUSHOFLUSHO in the c_lflag field _ LNOHANGCLOCAL in the c_cflag field
_ LCRTKILECHOKE in the c_lflag field _ LPASS8CS8 in the c_cflag field _
LCTLECHCTLECH in the c_lflag field _ LPENDINPENDIN in the c_lflag field
_ LDECCTQComplement of IXANY in the c_iflag field _ LNOFLSHNOFLSH in
the c_lflag field
Each flag has a corresponding equivalent sg_flags value. The sg_flags
definitions omit the leading L; for example, TIOCSETP with sg_flags set
to TOSTOP is equivalent to TIOCLSET with LTOSTOP.
Another structure associated with each terminal is the ltchars struc‐
ture which defines control characters for the new 4BSD terminal inter‐
face. Its structure is:
struct ltchars {
char t_suspc; /* stop process signal */
char t_dsuspc; /* delayed stop process signal */
char t_rprntc; /* reprint line */
char t_flushc; /*flush output (toggles) */
char t_werasc; /* word erase */
char t_lnextc; /* literal next character */
};
The characters are mapped to members of the c_cc field of the termios
structure as follows:
tab() box; cw(1.79i) |cw(3.71i) lw(1.79i) |lw(3.71i) ltcharsc_cc index
_ t_suspc VSUS _ t_dsuspcVDSUSP _ t_rprntcVREPRINT _ t_flushcVDISCARD _
t_werascVWERASE _ t_lnextcVLNEXT
IOCTLS
ttcompat responds to the following ioctl calls. All others are passed
to the module below.
TIOCGETP The argument is a pointer to an sgttyb structure. The cur‐
rent terminal state is fetched; the appropriate characters
in the terminal state are stored in that structure, as are
the input and output speeds. If the speed is over B38400,
then B38400 is returned. The values of the flags in the
sg_flags field are derived from the flags in the terminal
state and stored in the structure.
TIOCEXCL Set exclusive-use mode; no further opens are permitted un‐
til the file has been closed.
TIOCNXCL Turn off exclusive-use mode.
TIOCSETP The argument is a pointer to an sgttyb structure. The ap‐
propriate characters and input and output speeds in the
terminal state are set from the values in that structure,
and the flags in the terminal state are set to match the
values of the flags in the sg_flags field of that struc‐
ture. The state is changed with a TCSETSF ioctl so that
the interface delays until output is quiescent, then
throws away any unread characters, before changing the
modes. If the current device speed is over B38400 for ei‐
ther input or output speed, and B38400 is specified
through this interface for that speed, the actual device
speed is not changed. If the device speed is B38400 or
lower or if some speed other than B38400 is specified,
then the actual speed specified is set.
TIOCSETN The argument is a pointer to an sgttyb structure. The ter‐
minal state is changed as TIOCSETP would change it, but a
TCSETS ioctl is used, so that the interface neither de‐
lays nor discards input.
TIOCHPCL The argument is ignored. The HUPCL flag is set in the
c_cflag word of the terminal state.
TIOCFLUSH The argument is a pointer to an int variable. If its value
is zero, all characters waiting in input or output queues
are flushed. Otherwise, the value of the int is treated as
the logical OR of the FREAD and FWRITE flags defined by
<sys/file.h>. If the FREAD bit is set, all characters
waiting in input queues are flushed, and if the FWRITE bit
is set, all characters waiting in output queues are
flushed.
TIOCSBRK The argument is ignored. The break bit is set for the de‐
vice. (This is not supported by ttcompat. The underlying
driver must support TIOCSBRK.)
TIOCCBRK The argument is ignored. The break bit is cleared for the
device. (This is not supported by ttcompat. The underlying
driver must support TIOCCBRK.)
TIOCSDTR The argument is ignored. The Data Terminal Ready bit is
set for the device.
TIOCCDTR The argument is ignored. The Data Terminal Ready bit is
cleared for the device.
TIOCSTOP The argument is ignored. Output is stopped as if the STOP
character had been typed.
TIOCSTART The argument is ignored. Output is restarted as if the
START character had been typed.
TIOCGETC The argument is a pointer to a tchars structure. The cur‐
rent terminal state is fetched, and the appropriate char‐
acters in the terminal state are stored in that structure.
TIOCSETC The argument is a pointer to a tchars structure. The val‐
ues of the appropriate characters in the terminal state
are set from the characters in that structure.
TIOCLGET The argument is a pointer to an int. The current terminal
state is fetched, and the values of the local flags are
derived from the flags in the terminal state and stored in
the int pointed to by the argument.
TIOCLBIS The argument is a pointer to an int whose value is a mask
containing flags to be set in the local flags word. The
current terminal state is fetched, and the values of the
local flags are derived from the flags in the terminal
state; the specified flags are set, and the flags in the
terminal state are set to match the new value of the local
flags word.
TIOCLBIC The argument is a pointer to an int whose value is a mask
containing flags to be cleared in the local flags word.
The current terminal state is fetched, and the values of
the local flags are derived from the flags in the terminal
state; the specified flags are cleared, and the flags in
the terminal state are set to match the new value of the
local flags word.
TIOCLSET The argument is a pointer to an int containing a new set
of local flags. The flags in the terminal state are set to
match the new value of the local flags word. (This ioctl
was added because sg_flags was once a 16 bit value. The
local modes controlled by TIOCLSET are equivalent to the
modes controlled by TIOCSETP and sg_flags.)
TIOCGLTC The argument is a pointer to an ltchars structure. The
values of the appropriate characters in the terminal state
are stored in that structure.
TIOCSLTC The argument is a pointer to an ltchars structure. The
values of the appropriate characters in the terminal state
are set from the characters in that structure.
FIORDCHK Returns the number of immediately readable characters. The
argument is ignored. (This ioctl is handled in the stream
head, not in the ttcompat module.)
FIONREAD Returns the number of immediately readable characters in
the int pointed to by the argument. (This ioctl is handled
in the stream head, not in the ttcompat module.)
The following ioctls are returned as successful for the sake of compat‐
ibility. However, nothing significant is done (that is, the state of
the terminal is not changed in any way, and no message is passed
through to the underlying tty driver).
DIOCSETP
DIOCSETP
DIOCGETP
LDCLOSE
LDCHG
LDOPEN
LDGETT
LDSETT
TIOCGETD
TIOCSETD
The following old ioctls are not supported by ttcompat, but are sup‐
ported by Solaris tty drivers. As with all ioctl not otherwise listed
in this documentation, these are passed through to the underlying dri‐
ver and are handled there.
TIOCREMOTE
TIOCGWINSZ
TIOCSWINSZ
The following ioctls are not supported by ttcompat, and are generally
not supported by Solaris tty drivers. They are passed through, and the
tty drivers return EINVAL.
LDSMAP
LDGMAP
LDNMAP
TIOCNOTTY
TIOCOUTQ
LDSMAP, LDGMAP, and LDNMAP are defined in <sys/termios.h>.
Support for TIOCNOTTY and TIOCSCTTY is provided natively by the stream
head. Therefore, those ioctls never reach ttcompat or any STREAMS-
based tty drivers.
SEE ALSO
ioctl(2), termios(3C), termio(4I), ldterm(4M)
HISTORY
Prior to Oracle Solaris 11.4, programs needed to push the ttcompat mod‐
ule onto the subsidiary side of a pseudo-terminal pair if open() was
called from a program not linked for XPG4 or later standards. If called
from a program linked with values-xpg4.o or values-xpg6.o, then open()
would automatically push ptem, ldterm, and ttcompat modules onto the
subsidiary side, and callers pushing them as well would encounter unex‐
pected behavior.
Oracle Solaris 11.4 added these modules to /etc/iu.system.ap for
pts(4D) so that they are automatically pushed by autopush(8) regardless
of how the program is linked, and ensured that only one copy of each is
pushed onto each stream.
Oracle Solaris 11.4 19 Jun 2024 ttcompat(4M)