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iconv(1)

ICONV(1)                   Linux Programmer's Manual                  ICONV(1)



NAME
       iconv - character set conversion

SYNOPSIS
       iconv [OPTION...] [-f encoding] [-t encoding] [inputfile ...]
       iconv -l

DESCRIPTION
       The  iconv program converts text from one encoding to another encoding.
       More precisely, it converts from the encoding given for the  -f  option
       to  the  encoding  given  for  the -t option. Either of these encodings
       defaults to the encoding of the current locale. All the inputfiles  are
       read  and  converted  in  turn;  if no inputfile is given, the standard
       input is used. The converted text is printed to standard output.

       The encodings permitted are system dependent. For the  libiconv  imple‐
       mentation, they are listed in the iconv_open(3) manual page.

       Options controlling the input and output format:

       -f encoding, --from-code=encoding
              Specifies the encoding of the input.

       -t encoding, --to-code=encoding
              Specifies the encoding of the output.

       Options controlling conversion problems:

       -c     When  this  option is given, characters that cannot be converted
              are silently discarded,  instead  of  leading  to  a  conversion
              error.

       --unicode-subst=formatstring
              When  this  option  is  given, Unicode characters that cannot be
              represented in the target encoding are replaced  with  a  place‐
              holder  string  that is constructed from the given formatstring,
              applied to the Unicode code point. The formatstring  must  be  a
              format  string  in  the same format as for the printf command or
              the printf() function, taking either no argument or exactly  one
              unsigned integer argument.

       --byte-subst=formatstring
              When this option is given, bytes in the input that are not valid
              in the source encoding are replaced with  a  placeholder  string
              that  is constructed from the given formatstring, applied to the
              byte's value. The formatstring must be a format  string  in  the
              same  format as for the printf command or the printf() function,
              taking either no argument or exactly one unsigned integer  argu‐
              ment.

       --widechar-subst=formatstring
              When this option is given, wide characters in the input that are
              not valid in the source encoding are replaced with a placeholder
              string  that is constructed from the given formatstring, applied
              to the byte's value. The formatstring must be a format string in
              the  same format as for the printf command or the printf() func‐
              tion, taking either no argument or exactly one unsigned  integer
              argument.

       Options controlling error output:

       -s, --silent
              When  this  option  is  given,  error  messages about invalid or
              unconvertible characters are omitted, but the  actual  converted
              text is unaffected.

       The  iconv  -l or iconv --list command lists the names of the supported
       encodings, in a system dependent format. For the  libiconv  implementa‐
       tion, the names are printed in upper case, separated by whitespace, and
       alias names of an encoding are listed on the same line as the  encoding
       itself.

EXAMPLES
       iconv -f ISO-8859-1 -t UTF-8
              converts input from the old West-European encoding ISO-8859-1 to
              Unicode.

       iconv -f KOI8-R --byte-subst="<0x%x>"
                       --unicode-subst="<U+%04X>"
              converts input from the  old  Russian  encoding  KOI8-R  to  the
              locale  encoding,  substituting  an  angle bracket notation with
              hexadecimal numbers for invalid bytes and for valid  but  uncon‐
              vertible characters.

       iconv --list
              lists the supported encodings.

CONFORMING TO
       POSIX:2001

SEE ALSO
       iconv_open(3), locale(7)



GNU                             March 31, 2007                        ICONV(1)
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