svcadm(1M)을 검색하려면 섹션에서 1M 을 선택하고, 맨 페이지 이름에 svcadm을 입력하고 검색을 누른다.
swap(8)
System Administration Commands swap(8)
NAME
swap - swap administrative interface
SYNOPSIS
/usr/sbin/swap -a swapname [swaplow] [swaplen]
/usr/sbin/swap -d swapname [swaplow]
/usr/sbin/swap -l [-h | -k | --scale[=item1,item2,...]]
/usr/sbin/swap -s [-h | --scale[=item1,item2,...]]
DESCRIPTION
The swap utility provides a method of adding, deleting, and monitoring
the system swap areas used by the memory manager.
OPTIONS
The following options are supported:
-a swapname [swaplow] [swaplen]
Add the specified swap area. This option can only be used by an
administrator who is assigned the File System Management rights
profile or by root. swapname is the name of the swap area or regu‐
lar file. On a system running a ZFS file system, specify a ZFS vol‐
ume, such as /dev/zvol/dsk/rpool/swap, for a swap area. Using a
regular file for swap is not supported on a ZFS file system. In
addition, you cannot use the same ZFS volume for both the swap area
and a dump device.
swaplow is the offset in 512-byte blocks into the file where the
swap area should begin. swaplen is the desired length of the swap
area in 512-byte blocks. The value of swaplen can not be less than
16. For example, if n blocks are specified, then (n-1) blocks would
be the actual swap length. swaplen must be at least one page in
length. The size of a page of memory can be determined by using the
pagesize command. See pagesize(1). If the swap file is not a ZFS
volume or lofi device the first page of a swap file is automati‐
cally skipped, and as a swap file needs to be at least one page in
length, the minimum size should be a multiple of 2 pagesize bytes.
The size of a page of memory is machine-dependent.
swaplow + swaplen must be less than or equal to the size of the
swap file. If swaplen is not specified, an area will be added
starting at swaplow and extending to the end of the designated
file. If neither swaplow nor swaplen are specified, the whole file
or device will be used. For swap files that are not ZFS volume or
lofi devices the first page is skipped to protect any label that
might be present.
Swap areas are added automatically during system startup by the
svc:/system/swap service. This service adds all swap areas which
have been specified in the /etc/vfstab file. For the syntax of
these specifications, see vfstab(5) man page.
ZFS volumes used as a swap device will always be encrypted regard‐
less of the value of the encryption property for the ZFS volume.
See zfs_encrypt(8).
To use an NFS or local file system swapname, you should first cre‐
ate a file using mkfile(8). A local file system swap file can now
be added to the running system by just running the swap -a com‐
mand. For NFS mounted swap files, the server needs to export the
file. Do this by performing the following steps:
1. Run this on NFS server:
share -F nfs -o \
rw=clientname,root=clientname directory-with-swap-file
2. Have the client add the following lines to /etc/vfstab:
server:directory-with-swap-file -
local-path-to-directory nfs - yes -
local-path-to-directory/swap-file - -
swap - no -
3. Enable NFS client service on the client:
svcadm enable nfs/client
4. Reboot the client.
-d swapname
Delete the specified swap area. This option can only be used by an
administrator who is assigned the File System Management rights
profile or by root. swapname is the name of the swap file: for
example, /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s1 or a regular file. swaplow is the offset
in 512-byte blocks into the swap area to be deleted. If swaplow is
not specified, the area will be deleted starting at the second
page. When the command completes, swap blocks can no longer be
allocated from this area and all swap blocks previously in use in
this swap area have been moved to other swap areas.
-h
All sizes are scaled to a human readable format. The -h option is
equivalent to using the --scale=max,1024 option.
-k
Write the files sizes in units of 1024 bytes.
-l
List the status of all the swap areas. The output has these col‐
umns:
path
The path name for the swap area.
dev
The major/minor device number in decimal if it is a block spe‐
cial device; zeroes otherwise.
swaplo
The swaplow value for the area in 512-byte blocks.
blocks
The swaplen value for the area in 512-byte blocks.
free
The number of 512-byte blocks in this area that are not cur‐
rently allocated.
encrypted
Shows yes if the device is encrypted and no otherwise.
The list does not include swap space in the form of physical memory
because this space is not associated with a particular swap area.
If swap -l is run while swapname is in the process of being
deleted (by swap -d), the string INDEL will appear in a seventh
column of the swap stats.
-s
Print summary information about total swap space usage and avail‐
ability:
allocated
The total amount of swap space in bytes currently allocated for
use as backing store.
reserved
The total amount of swap space in bytes not currently allo‐
cated, but claimed by memory mappings for possible future use.
used
The total amount of swap space in bytes that is either allo‐
cated or reserved.
available
The total swap space in bytes that is currently available for
future reservation and allocation.
These numbers include swap space from all configured swap areas as
listed by the -l option, as well as swap space in the form of phys‐
ical memory.
--scale[=item1,item2,...]
All sizes are scaled to a human readable format. Scaling is done by
repetitively dividing by 1024, unless otherwise specified.
--scale specified without arguments enables default scaled output,
and is equivalent to --scale=max,1024.
--scale can be specified with the following arguments.
binary
Scaling is done by repetitively dividing by a scale factor of
1024. The use of binary scaling is indicated by the addition of
an 'i' modifier to the suffix (Ki, Mi, Gi, ...).
max
Values are scaled to the largest unit for which the result
retains a non-zero integer part. Up to 2 decimal places of
fractional output may be shown.
min
Values are scaled to the smallest unit capable of showing the
full value within the allotted space of 5 columns, and dis‐
played without the use of fractional output.
minwide
Values are scaled to the smallest unit capable of showing the
full value within the allotted space of 8 columns, and dis‐
played without the use of fractional output.
1000
Scaling is done by repetitively dividing by a scale factor of
1000.
1024
Scaling is done by repetitively dividing by a scale factor of
1024.
USAGE
A block device larger than 2 Gbytes can be fully utilized for swap up
to 2^63 −1 bytes.
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
See environ(7) for descriptions of the following environment variables
that affect the execution of swap: LC_CTYPE and LC_MESSAGE.
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(7) for descriptions of the following attributes:
tab() box; cw(2.75i) |cw(2.75i) lw(2.75i) |lw(2.75i) ATTRIBUTE TYPEAT‐
TRIBUTE VALUE _ Availabilitysystem/core-os
SEE ALSO
pagesize(1), getpagesize(3C), vfstab(5), attributes(7), mkfile(8),
shareall(8), zfs(8), zfs_encrypt(8)
NOTES
For information about setting up a swap area with ZFS, see the book
Managing ZFS File Systems in Oracle Solaris 11.4.
WARNINGS
No check is done to determine if a swap area being added overlaps with
an existing file system.
HISTORY
Support for the --scale option was added to the swap command in Oracle
Solaris 11.4.30.
The encrypted column was added to the output of the -l option in Oracle
Solaris 11.4.24.
The -h and -k options were added to the swap command in Oracle Solaris
11.0, thanks to a contribution by Yann Poupet to the OpenSolaris
project.
The swap command; with support for the -a, -d, -l, and -s options; was
added to Solaris in the Solaris 2.0 release, replacing the swapon com‐
mand used in SunOS 4.
Oracle Solaris 11.4 3 Nov 2021 swap(8)