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netdb.h(3head)
netdb.h(3HEAD) Headers netdb.h(3HEAD)
NAME
netdb.h, netdb - definitions for network database operations
SYNOPSIS
#include <netdb.h>
DESCRIPTION
The <netdb.h> header defines the type in_port_t and the type in_addr_t
as described in in.h(3HEAD).
Address Information Structure
The <netdb.h> header defines the addrinfo structure, which includes the
following members:
int ai_flags /* Input flags */
int ai_family /* Address family of socket */
int ai_socktype /* Socket type */
int ai_protocol /* Protocol of socket */
socklen_t ai_addrlen /* Length of socket address */
struct sockaddr *ai_addr /* Socket address of socket */
char *ai_canonname /* Canonical name of service location */
struct addrinfo *ai_next /* Pointer to next in list */
See the getaddrinfo(3C) man page for details on the usage of these mem‐
bers in the addrinfo structure.
The <netdb.h> header defines the following symbolic constants that
evaluate to bitwise-distinct integer constants for use in the flags
field of the addrinfo structure:
AI_PASSIVE
Socket address is intended for bind(3C).
AI_CANONNAME
Request for canonical name.
AI_NUMERICHOST
Return numeric host address as name.
AI_NUMERICSERV
Inhibit service name resolution.
AI_V4MAPPED
If no IPv6 addresses are found, query for IPv4 addresses and return
them to the caller as IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses.
AI_ALL
Query for both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.
AI_ADDRCONFIG
Query for IPv4 addresses only when an IPv4 address is configured;
query for IPv6 addresses only when an IPv6 address is configured.
The <netdb.h> header defines the following symbolic constants that
evaluate to bitwise-distinct integer constants for use in the flags
argument to getnameinfo(3C):
NI_NOFQDN
Only the nodename portion of the FQDN is returned for local hosts.
NI_NUMERICHOST
The numeric form of the node's address is returned instead of its
name.
NI_NAMEREQD
Return an error if the node's name cannot be located in the data‐
base.
NI_NUMERICSERV
The numeric form of the service address is returned instead of its
name.
NI_NUMERICSCOPE
For IPv6 addresses, the numeric form of the scope identifier is
returned instead of its name.
NI_DGRAM
Indicates that the service is a datagram service (SOCK_DGRAM).
Address Information Errors
The <netdb.h> header defines the following macros for use as error val‐
ues for getaddrinfo(3C) and getnameinfo(3C). The gai_strerror(3C) func‐
tion translates these values to error message strings for user presen‐
tation.
EAI_AGAIN
The name could not be resolved at this time. Future attempts may
succeed.
EAI_BADFLAGS
The flags had an invalid value.
EAI_FAIL
A non-recoverable error occurred.
EAI_FAMILY
The address family was not recognized or the address length was
invalid for the specified family.
EAI_MEMORY
There was a memory allocation failure.
EAI_NONAME
The name does not resolve for the supplied parameters.
NI_NAMEREQD is set and the host's name cannot be located, or both
nodename and servname were null.
EAI_SERVICE
The service passed was not recognized for the specified socket
type.
EAI_SOCKTYPE
The intended socket type was not recognized.
EAI_SYSTEM
A system error occurred. The error code can be found in errno.
EAI_OVERFLOW
An argument buffer overflowed.
Legacy Host Information Structure
The <netdb.h> header defines the hostent structure that includes the
following members:
char *h_name /* official name of the host */
char **h_aliases /* pointer to an array of pointers to
alternative host names, terminated
by a null pointer */
int h_addrtype /* address type */
int h_length /* length, in bytes, of the address */
char **h_addr_list /* pointer to an array of pointers to
network addresses (in network byte
order)for the host, terminated by a
null pointer */
The <netdb.h> header defines the netent structure that includes the
following members:
char *n_name /* official, fully-qualified */
(including the domain) name
of the network */
char **n_aliases /* pointer to an array of pointers to
alternative network names, terminated */
by a null pointer */
int n_addrtype /* the address type of the network */
in_addr_t n_net /* the network number, in host byte order */
The <netdb.h> header defines the protoent structure that includes the
following members:
char *p_name /* official name of the protocol */
char **p_aliases /* pointer to an array of pointers to
alternative protocol names, terminated
by a null pointer */
int p_proto /* protocol number */
The <netdb.h> header defines the servent structure that includes the
following members:
char *s_name /* official name of the service */
char **s_aliases /* pointer to an array of pointers to
alternativeservice names, terminated by
a null pointer */
int s_port /* port number at which the service
resides, in network byte order */
char *s_proto /* name of the protocol to use when
contacting the service */
The <netdb.h> header defines the macro IPPORT_RESERVED with the value
of the highest normally reserved Internet port number. This will not
reflect system configuration changes via the "smallest-nonpriv-port"
property which may be set by ipadm(8).
The <netdb.h> header provides a declaration for h_errno:
extern int h_errno;
The <netdb.h> header defines the following macros for use as error val‐
ues for gethostbyaddr() and gethostbyname():
HOST_NOT_FOUND
NO_DATA
NO_RECOVERY
TRY_AGAIN
Inclusion of the <netdb.h> header may also make visible all symbols
from in.h(3HEAD) and socket.h(3HEAD).
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(7) for descriptions of the following attributes:
tab() box; cw(2.75i) |cw(2.75i) lw(2.75i) |lw(2.75i) ATTRIBUTE TYPEAT‐
TRIBUTE VALUE _ Interface StabilityCommitted _ StandardSee stan‐
dards(7).
SEE ALSO
endhostent(3C), endnetent(3C), endprotoent(3C), endservent(3C),
freeaddrinfo(3C), gai_strerror(3C), getaddrinfo(3C), gethostbyname(3C),
gethostent(3C), getnameinfo(3C), getnetent(3C), getprotoent(3C),
getservbyname(3C), getservent(3C), sethostent(3C), setnetent(3C),
setprotoent(3C), setservent(3C), in.h(3HEAD), socket.h(3HEAD),
intro(3), attributes(7), standards(7)
Gilligan, R. RFC 3493, Basic Socket Interface Extensions for IPv6. Net‐
work Working Group. February 2003. https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3493
Oracle Solaris 11.4 2 Feb 2021 netdb.h(3HEAD)