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chown(1)

chown(1)                         User Commands                        chown(1)



NAME
       chown - change file ownership

SYNOPSIS
   /usr/bin/chown
       chown [-c | -changes] [--dereference] [-h | --no-dereference]
            [--from=CURRENT_OWNER:CURRENT_GROUP] [-f | --silent | --quiet]
            [--help] [-R | --recursive] [--no-preserve-root] [--preserve-root]
            [-v | --verbose] owner[:group] file...


       chown -R | -recursive [-c | -changes] [--dereference]
            [ -h | --no-dereference] [--from=CURRENT_OWNER:CURRENT_GROUP]
            [-f | --silent | --quiet] [--help] [-H | -L | -P]
            [--preserve-root] [--no-preserve-root] [-v | --verbose]
            owner[:group] file...


       chown [-c | -changes] [--dereference] [ -h | --no-dereference]
            [--from=CURRENT_OWNER:CURRENT_GROUP] [-f | --silent | --quiet]
            [--help] [-R | --recursive] [--no-preserve-root] [--preserve-root]
            [-v | --verbose] --reference=RFILE | -s ownersid[:groupsid] file ...


       chown -R | -recursive [-c | -changes] [--dereference]
            [ -h | --no-dereference] [--from=CURRENT_OWNER:CURRENT_GROUP]
            [-f | --silent | --quiet] [--help] [-H | -L | -P]
            [--preserve-root] [--no-preserve-root] [-v | --verbose]
            --reference=RFILE | -s ownersid[:groupsid] file ...

   /usr/xpg4/bin/chown
       /usr/xpg4/bin/chown [-fhR] owner[:group] file...


       /usr/xpg4/bin/chown -s [-fhR] ownersid[:groupsid] file...


       /usr/xpg4/bin/chown -R [-f] [-H | -L | -P] owner[:group] file...


       /usr/xpg4/bin/chown -s -R [-f] [-H | -L | -P] ownersid[:groupsid] file...

DESCRIPTION
   /usr/bin/chown and /usr/xpg4/bin/chown
       The  chown  utility  sets the user ID of the file named by each file to
       the user ID specified by owner, and, optionally, sets the group  ID  to
       that specified by group.


       If  chown  is invoked without the {PRIV_FILE_SETID} privilege, the set-
       user-ID and set-group-ID bits are cleared.


       Changing the owner of a file  may  require  additional  privilege.  The
       {PRIV_FILE_CHOWN} privilege allows changing the owner of files owned by
       other users, but does not allow changing the owner to or  from  uid  0.
       The {PRIV_FILE_CHOWN_SELF} privilege allows the file's current owner to
       change the owner to another uid, except for uid 0.  Changing  a  file's
       owner to uid 0 requires all privileges.


       The  file  system has a mountpoint option, rstchown, to restrict owner‐
       ship changes. When this option is in effect the owner of  the  file  is
       prevented  from  changing the owner ID of the file, unless they use the
       privileges listed above. When this option is not in effect,  the  owner
       of  the  file does not need additional privilege to change the owner to
       another  non-zero  uid.  The  _POSIX_CHOWN_RESTRICTED  option  will  be
       reported  as  true  for  paths on filesystems mounted with the rstchown
       option, when checked with fpathconf(2) or getconf(1).


       chown changes the ownership of each file to owner. owner can be  speci‐
       fied as either a user name or a numeric user id. The group ownership of
       each file can also be changed to group by appending :group to the  user
       name.

OPTIONS
       The following options are supported for /usr/bin/chown:

       -c, --changes

           Like verbose (-v | --verbose). Reports only when a change is made.


       -f, --silent, --quiet

           Force. Does not report errors.


       --from=CURRENT_OWNER:CURRENT_GROUP

           Change  the  owner  and/or  group  of each file only if its current
           owner and/or group match those specified here. Either may be  omit‐
           ted,  in  which  case  a  match  is  not  required  for the omitted
           attribute


       -h, --no-dereference

           If the file is a symbolic link, this option changes  the  owner  of
           the  symbolic link. Without this option, the owner of the file ref‐
           erenced by the symbolic link is changed.


       --help

           Display usage message and exit.


       -H

           If the file specified on the command line is a symbolic link refer‐
           encing  a  file of type directory, this option changes the owner of
           the directory referenced by the symbolic link and all the files  in
           the file hierarchy below it. If a symbolic link is encountered when
           traversing a file hierarchy,  the  owner  of  the  target  file  is
           changed, but no recursion takes place.


       -L

           If  the  file  is a symbolic link, this option changes the owner of
           the file referenced by the symbolic link. If the file specified  on
           the  command  line, or encountered during the traversal of the file
           hierarchy, is a symbolic link referencing a file of type directory,
           then  this  option changes the owner of the directory referenced by
           the symbolic link and all files in the file hierarchy below it.


       --no-preserve-root

           Do not treat '/' specially. This is the default.


       --preserve-root

           Do not operate recursively on '/'.


       -P

           If the file specified on the command line or encountered during the
           traversal  of  a  file  hierarchy  is  a symbolic link, this option
           changes the owner of the symbolic link. This option does not follow
           the symbolic link to any other part of the file hierarchy.


       --reference=RFILE

           Uses  RFILE's  owner  and  group. If RFILE is missing, then gives a
           diagnostic error message and returns a  non-zero  exit  code.  This
           option and -s option are mutually exclusive.


       -R, --recursive

           Recursive.  chown descends through the directory, and any subdirec‐
           tories, setting the specified group ID as it proceeds. When a  sym‐
           bolic link is encountered, the group of the target file is changed,
           unless the -h or -P option  is  specified.  However,  no  recursion
           takes place, unless the -H or -L option is specified.


       -s

           The  owner  and/or  group  arguments  are Windows SID strings. This
           option requires a file system that supports storing SIDs,  such  as
           ZFS. This option and --reference option are mutually exclusive.


       -v, --verbose

           Give a diagnostic for every file processed.



       Specifying  more  than one of the mutually-exclusive options -H, -L, or
       -P is not considered an error. The last option specified determines the
       behavior of chown.


       The following options are supported for /usr/xpg4/bin/chown:

       -f    Force. Does not report errors.


       -h    If  the file is a symbolic link, this option changes the owner of
             the symbolic link. Without this option, the  owner  of  the  file
             referenced by the symbolic link is changed.


       -H    If the file specified on the command line is a symbolic link ref‐
             erencing a file of type directory, this option changes the  group
             of  the  directory  referenced  by  the symbolic link and all the
             files in the file hierarchy below  it.  If  a  symbolic  link  is
             encountered  when  traversing  a file hierarchy, the group of the
             target file is changed, but no recursion takes place.


       -L    If the file is a symbolic link, this option changes group of  the
             file  referenced  by  the symbolic link. If the file specified on
             the command line, or encountered during the traversal of the file
             hierarchy,  is  a symbolic link referencing a file of type direc‐
             tory, then this option changes the group of the directory  refer‐
             enced  by  the  symbolic link and all files in the file hierarchy
             below it.


       -P    If the file specified on the command line or  encountered  during
             the traversal of a file hierarchy is a symbolic link, this option
             changes the group of the symbolic link. This option does not fol‐
             low the symbolic link to any other part of the file hierarchy.


       -R    Recursive.  chown  descends through the directory, and any subdi‐
             rectories, setting the specified group ID as it proceeds. When  a
             symbolic  link  is  encountered,  the group of the target file is
             changed, unless the -h or -P option is specified. Unless the  -H,
             -L,  or  -P  option  is  specified,  the -L option is used as the
             default mode.


       -s    The specified group is Windows SID. This option requires  a  file
             system that supports storing SIDs, such as ZFS.



       Specifying  more  than one of the mutually-exclusive options -H, -L, or
       -P is not considered an error. The last option specified determines the
       behavior of chown.

OPERANDS
       The following operands are supported:

       owner[:group]    A  user  ID  and  optional  group ID to be assigned to
                        file. The owner portion of this operand must be a user
                        name  from  the  user  database  or a numeric user ID.
                        Either specifies a user ID to be given  to  each  file
                        named  by  file. If a numeric owner exists in the user
                        database as a user name, the user ID number associated
                        with that user name is used as the user ID. Similarly,
                        if the group portion of this operand  is  present,  it
                        must  be  a  group  name  from the group database or a
                        numeric group ID. Either specifies a group  ID  to  be
                        given  to each file. If a numeric group operand exists
                        in the group database as a group name,  the  group  ID
                        number  associated with that group name is used as the
                        group ID.


       file             A path name of a file whose user ID is to be modified.


EXAMPLES
       Example 1 Changing Ownership of All Files in the Hierarchy



       The following command changes ownership of all files in the  hierarchy,
       including symbolic links, but not the targets of the links:


         example% chown −R −h owner[:group] file...


ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
       See  environ(7) for descriptions of the following environment variables
       that affect the execution of chown:  LANG,  LC_ALL,  LC_CTYPE,  LC_MES‐
       SAGES, and NLSPATH.

EXIT STATUS
       The following exit values are returned:

       0     The  utility executed successfully and all requested changes were
             made.


       >0    An error occurred.


ATTRIBUTES
       See attributes(7) for descriptions of the following attributes:

   /usr/bin/chown
       tab() box; cw(2.75i) |cw(2.75i) lw(2.75i) |lw(2.75i) ATTRIBUTE  TYPEAT‐
       TRIBUTE  VALUE _ Availabilitysystem/core-os _ CSIEnabled. See NOTES.  _
       Interface StabilityCommitted _ StandardSee standards(7).


   /usr/xpg4/bin/chown
       tab() box; cw(2.75i) |cw(2.75i) lw(2.75i) |lw(2.75i) ATTRIBUTE  TYPEAT‐
       TRIBUTE  VALUE _ Availabilitysystem/xopen/xcu4 _ CSIEnabled. See NOTES.
       _ Interface StabilityCommitted _ StandardSee standards(7).


SEE ALSO
       chgrp(1),  chmod(1),  getconf(1),  chown(2),  fpathconf(2),  passwd(5),
       attributes(7), environ(7), privileges(7), standards(7), mount(8)

NOTES
       chown is CSI-enabled except for the owner and group names.


       In  previous  releases  of  Solaris, there was a /usr/ucb/chown command
       which had different -R semantics with respect  to  how  symbolic  links
       were handled. /usr/ucb/chown changed ownership of the symbolic link but
       not the target file. To get this behavior  with  /usr/bin/chown,  addi‐
       tional flags need to be specified.



Oracle Solaris 11.4               3 Nov 2021                          chown(1)
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