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prstat(8)
System Administration Commands prstat(8)
NAME
prstat - report active process statistics
SYNOPSIS
prstat [-acDHJLmNRrtTvx] [-d u | d] [-C psrsetlist] [-h lgrplist]
[-j projlist] [-k tasklist] [-n ntop[,nbottom]] [-p pidlist]
[-P cpulist] [-s key | -S key ] [--scale[=item1,item2,...]]
[-u euidlist] [-U uidlist] [-z zoneidlist] [-Z]
[interval [count]]
DESCRIPTION
The prstat utility iteratively examines all active processes on the
system and reports statistics based on the selected output mode and
sort order. prstat provides options to examine only processes matching
specified PIDs, UIDs, zone IDs, CPU IDs, and processor set IDs.
The -j, -k, -C, -p, -P, -u, -U, and -z options accept lists as argu‐
ments. Items in a list can be either separated by commas or enclosed in
quotes and separated by commas or spaces.
If you do not specify an option, prstat examines all processes and
reports statistics sorted by CPU usage.
The options -J, -T and -Z are mutually exclusive. The -H and -m options
are mutually exclusive. The -L and -D options are mutually exclusive.
OPTIONS
The following options are supported:
-a
Report information about processes and users. In this mode prstat
displays separate reports about processes and users at the same
time. The -a option cannot be used with -t, -J, -T or -Z.
-c
Print new reports below previous reports instead of overprinting
them.
-C psrsetlist
Report only processes or lwps that are bound to processor sets in
the given list. Each processor set is identified by an integer as
reported by psrset(8). The load averages displayed are the sum of
the load averages of the specified processor sets (see pset_getloa‐
davg(3C)). Processes with one or more LWPs bound to processor sets
in the given list are reported even when the -L option is not used.
-D
Print command and arguments as modified by processes instead of
executable file name. Command and arguments are limited to 80 char‐
acters, less may be displayed if terminal window is not wide
enough. Instead of appending NLWPS to the end of the arguments,
this information appears in its own field just ahead of the command
and arguments.
-d u | d
Specify u for a printed representation of the internal representa‐
tion of time. See time(2). Specify d for standard date format. See
date(1).
-h lgrplist
Report only processes or lwps whose home lgroup is in the given
list of lgroups. No processes or lwps will be listed for invalid
lgroups.
-H
Report information about home lgroup. In this mode, prstat adds an
extra column showing process or lwps home lgroup with the header
LGRP.
-j projlist
Report only processes or lwps whose project ID is in the given
list. Each project ID can be specified as either a project name or
a numerical project ID. See project(5).
-J
Report information about processes and projects. In this mode
prstat displays separate reports about processes and projects at
the same time.
-k tasklist
Report only processes or lwps whose task ID is in tasklist.
-L
Display output for each light-weight process (LWP) on a separate
line. Includes LWP name (if set) and LWPID in output. By default,
prstat reports only the number of LWPs for each process. This argu‐
ment will cause output to wrap when displaying long LWP names on
narrow terminals.
-m
Report microstate process accounting information. In addition to
all fields listed in -v mode, this mode also includes the percent‐
age of time the process has spent processing system traps, text
page faults, data page faults, waiting for user locks and waiting
for CPU (latency time).
-N
Show values with better precision by increasing the number of char‐
acters for applicable columns. Columns reporting microstate data,
CPU, and MEMORY will be increased from 3 to 5 characters to keep
rounding error less than 1%. SIZE, RSS, and SWAP columns will be
increased from 5 to 8 characters in order to show data with a unit
prefix of finer granularity. This option will cause output to wrap
if terminal width is insufficient.
The -N option is equivalent to using the --scale=minwide option.
Note that if the terminal is wide enough, this better precision is
used by default, but it will not cause the lines to wrap.
-n ntop[,nbottom]
Restrict number of output lines. The ntop argument determines how
many lines of process or lwp statistics are reported, and the nbot‐
tom argument determines how many lines of user, task, or projects
statistics are reported if the -a, -t, -T, -J or -Z options are
specified. By default, prstat displays as many lines of output that
fit in a window or terminal. When you specify the -c option or
direct the output to a file, the default values for ntop and nbot‐
tom are 15 and 5.
-p pidlist
Report only processes whose process ID is in the given list.
-P cpulist
Report only processes or lwps which have most recently executed on
a CPU in the given list. Each CPU is identified by an integer as
reported by psrinfo(8).
-R
Put prstat in the real time scheduling class. When this option is
used, prstat is given priority over time-sharing and interactive
processes. This option requires the {PRIV_PROC_PRIOCNTL} privilege.
-r
Disable lookups for user names and project names. (Note that this
does not apply to lookups for the -j, -u, or -U options.)
-s key
Sort output lines (that is, processes, lwps, or users) by key in
descending order. Only one key can be used as an argument.
There are five possible key values:
cpu
Sort by process CPU usage. This is the default.
pri
Sort by process priority.
rss
Sort by resident set size.
size
Sort by size of process image.
time
Sort by process execution time.
-S key
Sort output lines by key in ascending order. Possible key values
are the same as for the -s option. See -s.
--scale[=item1,item2,...]
Specify display options for the SIZE, RSS, and SWAP columns. These
columns are displayed in a scaled human readable format. Scaling is
done by repetitively dividing by a scale factor of 1024, unless
otherwise specified.
--scale specified without arguments enables default scaled output,
and is equivalent to --scale=min,1024.
--scale can be specified with the following arguments.
binary
Scaling is done by repetitively dividing by a scale factor of
1024. The use of binary scaling is indicated by the addition of
an 'i' modifier to the suffix (Ki, Mi, Gi, ...).
max
Values are scaled to the largest unit for which the result
retains a non-zero integer part. Up to 2 decimal places of
fractional output may be shown.
min
Values are scaled to the smallest unit capable of showing the
full value within the allotted space of 5 columns, and dis‐
played without the use of fractional output.
minwide
Values are scaled to the smallest unit capable of showing the
full value within the allotted space of 8 columns, and dis‐
played without the use of fractional output. See the -N option.
1000
Scaling is done by repetitively dividing by a scale factor of
1000.
1024
Scaling is done by repetitively dividing by a scale factor of
1024.
-t
Report total usage summary for each user. The summary includes the
total number of processes or LWPs owned by the user, total size of
process images, total resident set size, total cpu time, and per‐
centages of recent cpu time and system memory. The -t option cannot
be used with -v, -m -a, -J, -T or -Z.
-T
Report information about processes and tasks. In this mode prstat
displays separate reports about processes and tasks at the same
time.
-u euidlist
Report only processes whose effective user ID is in the given list.
Each user ID may be specified as either a login name or a numerical
user ID.
-U uidlist
Report only processes whose real user ID is in the given list. Each
user ID may be specified as either a login name or a numerical user
ID.
-v
Report verbose process usage. This output format includes the per‐
centage of time the process has spent in user mode, in system mode,
and sleeping. It also includes the number of voluntary and involun‐
tary context switches, system calls and the number of signals
received. Statistics that are not reported are marked with the -
sign.
-x
Report the associated SMF service for a given process.
-z zoneidlist
Report only processes or LWPs whose zone ID is in the given list.
Each zone ID can be specified as either a zone name or a numerical
zone ID. See zones(7).
-Z
Report information about processes and zones. In this mode, prstat
displays separate reports about processes and zones at the same
time.
OUTPUT
The following list defines the column headings and the meanings of a
prstat report:
PID
The process ID of the process.
USERNAME
The real user (login) name or real user ID.
SIZE
The total virtual memory size of the process, including all mapped
files and devices, in kilobytes (K), megabytes (M), gigabytes (G),
or terabytes (T).
SWAP
The sum of swap reservations of the associated processes for each
user, project, task, or zone. This counts shared memory only once
for each user, project, task, or zone. Swap is reserved when anony‐
mous memory is allocated or files are mapped private. The value of
swap is expressed in kilobytes (K), megabytes (M), gigabytes (G),
or terabytes (T).
RSS
The resident set size of the process (RSS), in kilobytes (K),
megabytes (M), gigabytes (G), or terabytes (T). The RSS value is an
estimate provided by proc(5) that might underestimate the actual
resident set size. Users who want to get more accurate usage infor‐
mation for capacity planning should use the -x option to pmap(1)
instead.
STATE
The state of the process:
cpuN
Process is running on CPU N.
sleep
Sleeping: process is waiting for an event to complete.
wait
Waiting: process is waiting for CPU usage to drop to the CPU-
caps enforced limits. See the description of CPU-caps in
resource-controls(7).
run
Runnable: process is on run queue.
zombie
Zombie state: process terminated and parent not waiting.
stop
Process is stopped.
PRI
The priority of the process. Larger numbers mean higher priority.
NICE
Nice value used in priority computation. Only processes in certain
scheduling classes have a nice value.
TIME
The cumulative execution time for the process.
CPU
The percentage of recent CPU time used by the process. If executing
in a non-global zone and the pools facility is active, the percent‐
age will be that of the processors in the processor set in use by
the pool to which the zone is bound.
PROCESS
The name of the process (name of executed file).
LWPID
The lwp ID of the lwp being reported.
NLWP
The number of lwps in the process.
With some of the options, in addition to a number of the column head‐
ings shown above, there are:
NPROC
Number of processes in a specified collection.
MEMORY
Percentage of memory used by a specified collection of processes.
The following columns are displayed when the -v or -m option is speci‐
fied
USR
The percentage of time the process has spent in user mode.
SYS
The percentage of time the process has spent in system mode.
TRP
The percentage of time the process has spent in processing system
traps.
TFL
The percentage of time the process has spent processing text page
faults.
DFL
The percentage of time the process has spent processing data and
kernel page faults.
LCK
The percentage of time the process has spent waiting for user
locks.
SLP
The percentage of time the process has spent sleeping.
LAT
The percentage of time the process has spent waiting for CPU.
VCX
The number of voluntary context switches.
ICX
The number of involuntary context switches.
SCL
The number of system calls.
SIG
The number of signals received.
Under the -L option, one line is printed for each lwp in the process
and some reporting fields show the values for the lwp, not the process.
The following column is displayed when the -H option is specified:
LGRP
The home lgroup of the process or lwp.
OPERANDS
The following operands are supported:
count
Specifies the number of times that the statistics are repeated. By
default, prstat reports statistics until a termination signal is
received.
interval
Specifies the sampling interval in seconds; the default interval is
5 seconds.
EXAMPLES
Example 1 Reporting the Five Most Active Super-User Processes
The following command reports the five most active super-user processes
running on CPU1 and CPU2:
example% prstat -u root -n 5 -P 1,2 1 1
PID USERNAME SIZE RSS STATE PRI NICE TIME CPU PROCESS/LWP
306 root 3024K 1448K sleep 58 0 0:00.00 0.3% sendmail/1
250 root 1000K 552K sleep 58 0 0:00.00 0.0% utmpd/1
288 root 1720K 1032K sleep 58 0 0:00.00 0.0% sac/1
1 root 744K 168K sleep 58 0 0:00.00 0.0% init/1
TOTAL: 25, load averages: 0.05, 0.08, 0.12
Example 2 Displaying Verbose Process Usage Information
The following command displays verbose process usage information about
processes with lowest resident set sizes owned by users root and john.
example% prstat -S rss -n 5 -vc -u root,john
PID USERNAME USR SYS TRP TFL DFL LCK SLP LAT VCX ICX SCL SIG PROCESS/LWP
1 root 0.0 0.0 - - - - 100 - 0 0 0 0 init/1
250 root 0.0 0.0 - - - - 100 - 0 0 0 0 utmpd/1
1185 john 0.0 0.0 - - - - 100 - 0 0 0 0 csh/1
240 root 0.0 0.0 - - - - 100 - 0 0 0 0 switchd/4
TOTAL: 71, load averages: 0.02, 0.04, 0.08
EXIT STATUS
The following exit values are returned:
0
Successful completion.
1
An error occurred.
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(7) for descriptions of the following attributes:
tab() box; cw(2.75i) |cw(2.75i) lw(2.75i) |lw(2.75i) ATTRIBUTE TYPEAT‐
TRIBUTE VALUE _ Availabilitysystem/core-os _ Interface StabilitySee
below.
The command name and options are Committed. The output format is not
committed.
SEE ALSO
date(1), lgrpinfo(1), plgrp(1), proc(1), ps(1), time(2), pset_getload‐
avg(3C), proc(5), project(5), attributes(7), privileges(7), resource-
controls(7), zones(7), psrinfo(8), psrset(8), sar(8)
NOTES
The snapshot of system usage displayed by prstat is true only for a
split-second, and it may not be accurate by the time it is displayed.
When the -m option is specified, prstat tries to turn on microstate
accounting for each process; the original state is restored when prstat
exits. See proc(5) for additional information about the microstate
accounting facility.
The total memory size reported in the SWAP and RSS columns for groups
of processes can sometimes overestimate the actual amount of memory
used by processes with shared memory segments.
HISTORY
The --scale option was added to the prstat command in Oracle Solaris
11.4.30.
The -x option was added to the prstat command in Oracle Solaris
11.4.12.
The -D and -N options were added to the prstat command in Oracle
Solaris 11.3.26.
The -d, -h, -H, and -r options were added to the prstat command in Ora‐
cle Solaris 11.0.0.
The -z and -Z options were added to the prstat command in Solaris 10
3/05.
The -j, -J, -k, and -T options were added to the prstat command Solaris
9.
The prstat command; with support for the -a, -c, -C, -L, -m, -n, -p,
-P, -R, -s, -S, -t, -u, -U, and -v options; was introduced in the
Solaris 8 release.
Oracle Solaris 11.4 3 Nov 2021 prstat(8)