svcadm(8)을 검색하려면 섹션에서 8 을 선택하고, 맨 페이지 이름에 svcadm을 입력하고 검색을 누른다.
ln(1)
ln(1) User Commands ln(1)
NAME
ln - make hard or symbolic links to files
SYNOPSIS
/usr/bin/ln [-fns] source_file [target]
/usr/bin/ln [-fns] source_file... target
/usr/xpg4/bin/ln [-L|-P] [-fs] source_file [target]
/usr/xpg4/bin/ln [-L|-P] [-fs] source_file... target
DESCRIPTION
In the first synopsis form, the ln utility creates a new directory en‐
try (link) for the file specified by source_file, at the destination
path specified by target. If target is not specified, the link is made
in the current directory. This first synopsis form is assumed when the
final operand does not name an existing directory; if more than two
operands are specified and the final is not an existing directory, an
error will result.
In the second synopsis form, the ln utility creates a new directory en‐
try for each file specified by a source_file operand, at a destination
path in the existing directory named by target.
The ln utility may be used to create both hard links and symbolic
links. A hard link is a pointer to a file and is indistinguishable from
the original directory entry. Any changes to a file are effective inde‐
pendent of the name used to reference the file. Hard links may not span
file systems and may not refer to directories.
ln by default creates hard links. source_file is linked to target. If
target is a directory, another file named source_file is created in
target and linked to the original source_file.
If target is an existing file and the -f option is not specified, ln
will write a diagnostic message to standard error, do nothing more with
the current source_file, and go on to any remaining source_files.
A symbolic link is an indirect pointer to a file; its directory entry
contains the name of the file to which it is linked. Symbolic links may
span file systems and may refer to directories.
File permissions for target may be different from those displayed with
an -l listing of the ls(1) command. To display the permissions of tar‐
get, use ls -lL. See stat(2) for more information.
/usr/bin/ln
If /usr/bin/ln determines that the mode of target forbids writing, it
prints the mode (see chmod(1)), asks for a response, and reads the
standard input for one line. If the response is affirmative, the link
occurs, if permissible. Otherwise, the command exits.
/usr/xpg4/bin/ln
When creating a hard link, and the source file is itself a symbolic
link, the target will be a hard link to the file referenced by the sym‐
bolic link, not to the symbolic link object itself (source_file).
OPTIONS
The following options are supported for both /usr/bin/ln and
/usr/xpg4/bin/ln:
-f Links files without questioning the user, even if the mode of
target forbids writing. This is the default if the standard input
is not a terminal.
-s Creates a symbolic link.
If the -s option is used with two arguments, target may be an ex‐
isting directory or a non-existent file. If target already exists
and is not a directory, an error is returned. source_file may be
any path name and need not exist. If it exists, it may be a file
or directory and may reside on a different file system from tar‐
get. If target is an existing directory, a file is created in di‐
rectory target whose name is source_file or the last component of
source_file. This file is a symbolic link that references
source_file. If target does not exist, a file with name target is
created and it is a symbolic link that references source_file.
If the -s option is used with more than two arguments, target
must be an existing directory or an error will be returned. For
each source_file, a link is created in target whose name is the
last component of source_file. Each new source_file is a symbolic
link to the original source_file. The files and target may reside
on different file systems.
-L For each source_file operand that names a file of type symbolic
link, creates a (hard) link to the file referenced by the sym‐
bolic link.
-P For each source_file operand that names a file of type symbolic
link, creates a (hard) link to the symbolic link itself.
/usr/bin/ln
The following option is supported for /usr/bin/ln only:
-n If target is an existing file, writes a diagnostic message to
stderr and goes on to any remaining source_files. The -f option
overrides this option. This is the default behavior for
/usr/bin/ln and /usr/xpg4/bin/ln, and is silently ignored.
OPERANDS
The following operands are supported:
source_file A path name of a file to be linked. This can be either a
regular or special file. If the -s option is specified,
source_file can also be a directory.
target The path name of the new directory entry to be created,
or of an existing directory in which the new directory
entries are to be created.
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
See environ(7) for descriptions of the following environment variables
that affect the execution of ln: LANG, LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE, LC_MESSAGES,
and NLSPATH.
EXIT STATUS
The following exit values are returned:
0 All the specified files were linked successfully
>0 An error occurred.
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(7) for descriptions of the following attributes:
/usr/bin/ln
tab() box; cw(2.75i) |cw(2.75i) lw(2.75i) |lw(2.75i) ATTRIBUTE TYPEAT‐
TRIBUTE VALUE _ Availabilitysystem/core-os _ CSIEnabled
/usr/xpg4/bin/ln
tab() box; cw(2.75i) |cw(2.75i) lw(2.75i) |lw(2.75i) ATTRIBUTE TYPEAT‐
TRIBUTE VALUE _ Availabilitysystem/xopen/xcu4 _ CSIEnabled _ Interface
StabilityCommitted _ StandardSee standards(7).
SEE ALSO
chmod(1), ls(1), stat(2), attributes(7), environ(7), standards(7)
NOTES
A symbolic link to a directory behaves differently than you might ex‐
pect in certain cases. While an ls(1) command on such a link displays
the files in the pointed-to directory, entering ls -l displays infor‐
mation about the link itself:
example% ln -s dir link
example% ls link
file1 file2 file3 file4
example% ls -l link
lrwxrwxrwx 1 user 7 Jan 11 23:27 link -> dir
When you change to a directory (see cd(1)) through a symbolic link, us‐
ing /usr/bin/sh or /usr/bin/csh, you wind up in the pointed-to location
within the file system. This means that the parent of the new working
directory is not the parent of the symbolic link, but rather, the par‐
ent of the pointed-to directory. This will also happen when using cd
with the -P option from /usr/bin/ksh or /usr/xpg4/bin/sh. For instance,
in the following case, the final working directory is /usr and not
/home/user/linktest.
example% pwd
/home/user/linktest
example% ln -s /usr/tmp symlink
example% cd symlink
example% cd ..
example% pwd
/usr
C shell users can avoid any resulting navigation problems by using the
pushd and popd built-in commands instead of cd.
Oracle Solaris 11.4 18 Apr 2016 ln(1)