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getch(3xcurses)
X/Open Curses Library Functions getch(3XCURSES)
NAME
getch, wgetch, mvgetch, mvwgetch - get a single-byte character from the
terminal
SYNOPSIS
cc [ flag... ] file... -I /usr/xpg4/include -L /usr/xpg4/lib \
-R /usr/xpg4/lib -lcurses [ library... ]
c89 [ flag... ] file... -lcurses [ library... ]
#include <curses.h>
int getch(void);
int wgetch(WINDOW *win);
int mvgetch(int y, int x);
int mvwgetch(WINDOW *win, int y, int x);
PARAMETERS
win Is a pointer to the window associated with the terminal from
which the character is to be read.
y Is the y (row) coordinate for the position of the character to
be read.
x Is the x (column) coordinate for the position of the character
to be read.
DESCRIPTION
These functions read a single-byte character from the terminal associ‐
ated with the current or specified window. The results are unspecified
if the input is not a single-byte character. If keypad(3XCURSES) is
enabled, these functions respond to the pressing of a function key by
returning the corresponding KEY_ value defined in <curses.h>
Processing of terminal input is subject to the general rules described
on the keypad(3XCURSES) manual page.
If echoing is enabled, then the character is echoed as though it were
provided as an input argument to addch(3XCURSES), except for the fol‐
lowing characters:
<backspace> The input is interpreted as follows: unless the cursor
already was in column 0, <backspace> moves the cursor
one column toward the start of the current line and
any characters after the <backspace> are added or
inserted starting there. The character at the result‐
ing cursor position it then deleted as though
delch(3XCURSES) were called, except that if the cursor
was originally in the first column of the line, the
user is alerted as though beep(3XCURSES) were called.
Function keys The user is alerted as though beep() were called.
Information concerning the function keys is not
returned to the caller.
If the current or specified window is not a pad, and it has been moved
modified since the last refresh operation, then it will be refreshed
before another character is read.
Constant Values for Function Keys
The following is a list of tokens for function keys that are returned
by the getch() set of functions if keypad handling is enabled (some
terminals may not support all tokens).
tab() box; lw(1.65i) lw(3.85i) lw(1.65i) lw(3.85i) ConstantDescription
_ KEY_BREAKBreak key KEY_DOWNThe down arrow key KEY_UPThe up arrow key
KEY_LEFTThe left arrow key KEY_RIGHTThe right arrow key KEY_HOMEHome
key KEY_BACKSPACEBackspace KEY_F0T{ Function keys. Space for 64 keys is
reserved. T} KEY_F(n)For 0 <= n <= 63 KEY_DLDelete line KEY_ILInsert
line KEY_DCDelete character KEY_ICInsert char or enter insert mode
KEY_EICExit insert char mode KEY_CLEARClear screen KEY_EOSClear to end
of screen KEY_EOLClear to end of line KEY_SFScroll 1 line forward
KEY_SRScroll 1 line backwards KEY_NPAGENext page KEY_PPAGEPrevious
page KEY_STABSet tab KEY_CTABClear tab KEY_CATABClear all tabs
KEY_ENTEREnter or send KEY_SRESETSoft (partial) reset KEY_RESETReset or
hard reset KEY_PRINTPrint or copy KEY_LLHome down or bottom (lower
left) KEY_A1Upper left of keypad KEY_A3Upper right of keypad KEY_B2Cen‐
ter of keypad KEY_C1Lower left of keypad KEY_C3Lower right of keypad
KEY_BTABBack tab KEY_BEGBeginning key KEY_CANCELCancel key KEY_CLOSE‐
Close key KEY_COMMANDCmd (command) key KEY_COPYCopy key KEY_CREATECre‐
ate key KEY_ENDEnd key KEY_EXITExit key KEY_FINDFind key KEY_HELPHelp
key KEY_MARKMark key KEY_MESSAGEMessage key KEY_MOVEMove key
KEY_NEXTNext object key KEY_OPENOpen key KEY_OPTIONSOptions key
KEY_PREVIOUSPrevious object key KEY_REDORedo key KEY_REFERENCEReference
key KEY_REFRESHRefresh key KEY_REPLACEReplace key KEY_RESTARTRestart
key KEY_RESUMEResume key KEY_SAVESave key KEY_SBEGShifted beginning key
KEY_SCANCELShifted cancel key KEY_SCOMMANDShifted command key
KEY_SCOPYShifted copy key KEY_SCREATEShifted create key KEY_SDCShifted
delete char key KEY_SDLShifted delete line key KEY_SELECTSelect key
KEY_SENDShifted end key KEY_SEOLShifted clear line key KEY_SEXITShifted
exit key KEY_SFINDShifted find key KEY_SHELPShifted help key KEY_SHOME‐
Shifted home key KEY_SICShifted input key KEY_SLEFT Shifted left arrow
key KEY_SMESSAGESShifted messages key KEY_SMOVEShifted move key
KEY_SNEXTShifted next key KEY_SOPTIONSShifted options key KEY_SPREVI‐
OUSShifted previous key KEY_SPRINTShifted print key KEY_SREDOShifted
redo key KEY_SREPLACEShifted replace key KEY_SRIGHTShifted right arrow
key KEY_SRSUMEShifted resume key KEY_SSAVEShifted save key KEY_SSUS‐
PENDShifted suspend key KEY_SUNDOShifted undo key KEY_SUSPENDSuspend
key KEY_UNDOUndo key
RETURN VALUES
Upon successful completion, these functions return the single-byte
character, KEY_ value, or ERR. When in the nodelay mode and no data is
available, ERR is returned.
ERRORS
No errors are defined.
USAGE
Applications should not define the escape key by itself as a single-
character function.
When using these functions, nocbreak mode (cbreak(3XCURSES)) and echo
mode (echo(3XCURSES)) should not be used at the same time. Depending on
the state of the terminal when each character is typed, the application
may produce undesirable results.
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(7) for descriptions of the following attributes:
tab() box; cw(2.75i) |cw(2.75i) lw(2.75i) |lw(2.75i) ATTRIBUTE TYPEAT‐
TRIBUTE VALUE _ Interface StabilityCommitted _ MT-LevelUnsafe _ Stan‐
dardSee standards(7).
SEE ALSO
raw(3XCURSES), cbreak(3XCURSES), echo(3XCURSES), halfdelay(3XCURSES),
keypad(3XCURSES), libcurses(3XCURSES), nodelay(3XCURSES), notime‐
out(3XCURSES), timeout(3XCURSES), attributes(7), standards(7)
Oracle Solaris 11.4 5 Jun 2002 getch(3XCURSES)