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curs_getch(3curses)
curs_getch(3CURSES) Curses Library Functions curs_getch(3CURSES)
NAME
curs_getch, getch, wgetch, mvgetch, mvwgetch, ungetch - get (or push
back) characters from curses terminal keyboard
SYNOPSIS
cc [ flag ... ] file ... -lcurses [ library ... ]
#include <curses.h>
int getch(void);
int wgetch(WINDOW *win);
int mvgetch(int y, int x);
int mvwgetch(WINDOW *win, int y, int x);
int ungetch(int ch);
DESCRIPTION
With the getch(), wgetch(), mvgetch(), and mvwgetch() routines a char‐
acter is read from the terminal associated with the window. In no-delay
mode, if no input is waiting, the value ERR is returned. In delay mode,
the program waits until the system passes text through to the program.
Depending on the setting of cbreak(), this is after one character
(cbreak mode), or after the first newline (nocbreak mode). In half-de‐
lay mode, the program waits until a character is typed or the specified
timeout has been reached. Unless noecho() has been set, the character
will also be echoed into the designated window.
If the window is not a pad, and it has been moved or modified since the
last call to wrefresh(), wrefresh() will be called before another char‐
acter is read.
If keypad() is TRUE, and a function key is pressed, the token for that
function key is returned instead of the raw characters. Possible func‐
tion keys are defined in <curses.h> with integers beginning with 0401,
whose names begin with KEY_. If a character that could be the beginning
of a function key (such as escape) is received, curses sets a timer. If
the remainder of the sequence does not come in within the designated
time, the character is passed through; otherwise, the function key
value is returned. For this reason, many terminals experience a delay
between the time a user presses the escape key and the escape is re‐
turned to the program. Since tokens returned by these routines are out‐
side the ASCII range, they are not printable.
The ungetch() routine places ch back onto the input queue to be re‐
turned by the next call to wgetch().
Function Keys
The following function keys, defined in <curses.h>, might be returned
by getch() if keypad() has been enabled. Note that not all of these may
be supported on a particular terminal if the terminal does not transmit
a unique code when the key is pressed or if the definition for the key
is not present in the terminfo database.
tab(); lw(2.75i) lw(2.75i) lw(2.75i) lw(2.75i) NameKey name _
KEY_BREAKBreak key KEY_DOWNThe four arrow keys ... KEY_UP KEY_LEFT
KEY_RIGHT KEY_HOMEHome key (upward+left arrow) KEY_BACKSPACEBackspace
KEY_F0T{ Function keys; space for 64 keys is reserved. T} KEY_F(n)For
0 ≤ n ≤ 63 KEY_DLDelete line KEY_ILInsert line KEY_DCDelete character
KEY_ICInsert char or enter insert mode KEY_EICExit insert char mode
KEY_CLEARClear screen KEY_EOSClear to end of screen KEY_EOLClear to end
of line KEY_SFScroll 1 line forward KEY_SRScroll 1 line backward (re‐
verse) KEY_NPAGENext page KEY_PPAGEPrevious page KEY_STABSet tab
KEY_CTABClear tab KEY_CATABClear all tabs KEY_ENTEREnter or send
KEY_SRESETSoft (partial) reset KEY_RESETReset or hard reset KEY_PRINT‐
Print or copy KEY_LLT{ Home down or bottom (lower left). Keypad is
arranged like this: (Row 1) A1 up A3 (Row 2) left B2 right (Row 3) C1
down C3 T} KEY_A1Upper left of keypad KEY_A3Upper right of keypad
KEY_B2Center of keypad KEY_C1Lower left of keypad KEY_C3Lower right of
keypad KEY_BTABBack tab key KEY_BEGBeg(inning) key KEY_CANCELCancel key
KEY_CLOSEClose key KEY_COMMANDCmd (command) key KEY_COPYCopy key
KEY_CREATECreate key KEY_ENDEnd key KEY_EXITExit key KEY_FINDFind key
KEY_HELPHelp key KEY_MARKMark key KEY_MESSAGEMessage key KEY_MOVEMove
key KEY_NEXTNext object key KEY_OPENOpen key KEY_OPTIONSOptions key
KEY_PREVIOUSPrevious object key KEY_REDORedo key KEY_REFERENCEReference
key KEY_REFRESHRefresh key KEY_REPLACEReplace key KEY_RESTARTRestart
key KEY_RESUMEResume key KEY_SAVESave key KEY_SBEGShifted beginning key
KEY_SCANCELShifted cancel key KEY_SCOMMANDShifted command key
KEY_SCOPYShifted copy key KEY_SCREATEShifted create key KEY_SDCShifted
delete char key KEY_SDLShifted delete line key KEY_SELECTSelect key
KEY_SENDShifted end key KEY_SEOLShifted clear line key KEY_SEXITShifted
exit key KEY_SFINDShifted find key KEY_SHELPShifted help key KEY_SHOME‐
Shifted home key KEY_SICShifted input key KEY_SLEFTShifted left arrow
key KEY_SMESSAGEShifted message key KEY_SMOVEShifted move key
KEY_SNEXTShifted next key KEY_SOPTIONSShifted options key KEY_SPREVI‐
OUSShifted prev key KEY_SPRINTShifted print key KEY_SREDOShifted redo
key KEY_SREPLACEShifted replace key KEY_SRIGHTShifted right arrow
KEY_SRSUMEShifted resume key KEY_SSAVEShifted save key KEY_SSUSPEND‐
Shifted suspend key KEY_SUNDOShifted undo key KEY_SUSPENDSuspend key
KEY_UNDOUndo key
RETURN VALUES
All routines return the integer ERR upon failure. The ungetch() routine
returns an integer value other than ERR upon successful completion. The
other routines return the next input character or function key code
upon successful completion.
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(7) for descriptions of the following attributes:
tab() box; cw(2.75i) |cw(2.75i) lw(2.75i) |lw(2.75i) ATTRIBUTE TYPEAT‐
TRIBUTE VALUE _ MT-LevelUnsafe
SEE ALSO
curs_inopts(3CURSES), curs_move(3CURSES), curs_refresh(3CURSES),
curses(3CURSES), attributes(7)
NOTES
The header <curses.h> automatically includes the headers <stdio.h> and
<unctrl.h>.
Use of the escape key for a single character function is discouraged.
When using getch(), wgetch(), mvgetch(), or mvwgetch(), nocbreak mode
(nocbreak()) and echo mode (echo()) should not be used at the same
time. Depending on the state of the tty driver when each character is
typed, the program may produce undesirable results.
Note that getch(), mvgetch(), and mvwgetch() may be macros.
Oracle Solaris 11.4 31 Dec 1996 curs_getch(3CURSES)