svcadm(8)을 검색하려면 섹션에서 8 을 선택하고, 맨 페이지 이름에 svcadm을 입력하고 검색을 누른다.
capsicum(4)
CAPSICUM(4) BSD Kernel Interfaces Manual CAPSICUM(4)
NAME
Capsicum — lightweight OS capability and sandbox framework
SYNOPSIS
options CAPABILITY_MODE
options CAPABILITIES
DESCRIPTION
Capsicum is a lightweight OS capability and sandbox framework implement‐
ing a hybrid capability system model. Capsicum can be used for applica‐
tion and library compartmentalisation, the decomposition of larger bodies
of software into isolated (sandboxed) components in order to implement
security policies and limit the impact of software vulnerabilities.
Capsicum provides two core kernel primitives:
capability mode
A process mode, entered by invoking cap_enter(2), in which access
to global OS namespaces (such as the file system and PID names‐
paces) is restricted; only explicitly delegated rights, refer‐
enced by memory mappings or file descriptors, may be used. Once
set, the flag is inherited by future children processes, and may
not be cleared.
capabilities
Limit operations that can be called on file descriptors. For
example, a file descriptor returned by open(2) may be refined
using cap_rights_limit(2) so that only read(2) and write(2) can
be called, but not fchmod(2). The complete list of the capabil‐
ity rights can be found in the rights(4) manual page.
In some cases, Capsicum requires use of alternatives to traditional POSIX
APIs in order to name objects using capabilities rather than global
namespaces:
process descriptors
File descriptors representing processes, allowing parent pro‐
cesses to manage child processes without requiring access to the
PID namespace; described in greater detail in procdesc(4).
anonymous shared memory
An extension to the POSIX shared memory API to support anonymous
swap objects associated with file descriptors; described in
greater detail in shm_open(2).
In some cases, Capsicum limits the valid values of some parameters to
traditional APIs in order to restrict access to global namespaces:
process IDs
Processes can only act upon their own process ID with syscalls
such as cpuset_setaffinity(2).
SEE ALSO
cap_enter(2), cap_fcntls_limit(2), cap_getmode(2), cap_ioctls_limit(2),
cap_rights_limit(2), fchmod(2), open(2), pdfork(2), pdgetpid(2),
pdkill(2), pdwait4(2), read(2), shm_open(2), write(2), cap_rights_get(3),
libcasper(3), procdesc(4)
HISTORY
Capsicum first appeared in FreeBSD 9.0, and was developed at the Univer‐
sity of Cambridge.
AUTHORS
Capsicum was developed by Robert Watson <rwatson@FreeBSD.org> and
Jonathan Anderson <jonathan@FreeBSD.org> at the University of Cambridge,
and Ben Laurie <benl@FreeBSD.org> and Kris Kennaway <kris@FreeBSD.org> at
Google, Inc., and Pawel Jakub Dawidek <pawel@dawidek.net>.
BSD May 18, 2017 BSD